| Objective: To investigate the factors of T2 DM influencing prospective and retrospective memory by studying the characteristics of prospective and retrospective memory in T2 DM patients.Identify the damage degree of different type of memory in T2 DM patients.Provide a new reference for screening the memory dysfunction in T2 DM patients.Methods: SDS,SAS,MMSE and Mo CA tests were used for screening participants without anxiety,depression and severe cognitive impairment in this experiment.60 patients with T2 DM from the endocrinology department and 60 healthy controls from the psychological counseling department in hospital were recruited.E-prime was used for writing programs of EBPM,TBPM,RM tasks.Data of correct rate and reaction time were recorded by computer automatically.The memory test results were analyzed by Wilcoxon rank sum test.The memory impairment index of three memory functions were calculated through formula,multiple comparisons among multiple samples was used for analyzing it.All the recruited T2 DM patients were divided into two groups according to sex: male group(34 cases)versus female group(26 cases),according to duration of disease: duration of disease ? 10 years group(32 cases)versus duration of disease > 10 years group(28 cases),according to treatment: insulin injection group(23 cases)versus oral medication group(27 cases),results was analyzed by Wilcoxon rank sum test.Spearman rank correlation analysis was used for analyzing the correlation between prospective memory and retrospective memory,the GHb and memories.Simple linear regression is used for analyzing the linear relationship between severe hypoglycemia episodes and memory impairment.Results:(1)In T2 DM group and control group,correct rate of EBPM is 0.90(0.70-1.00)vs 1.00(0.90-1.00),reaction time of EBPM is 2068.25(1625.78-2874.25)vs 1324.45(1064.88-1832.33);correct rate of TBPM is 0.70(0.30-0.80)vs 0.85(0.80-1.00),reaction time of TBPM is 2923.55(1932.23-3915.68)vs 1638.65(1133.73-2330.83);correct rate of RM is 0.75(0.66-0.80)vs 0.78(0.70-0.90),reaction time of RM is 2865.30(2039.90-3745.84)vs 1790.53(1413.56-2339.28),the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05).(2)TBPM damage index is-0.32(-0.63--0.02),EBPM damage index is-0.03(0.14-0.08),RM damage index is-0.03(-0.10-0.03),the differences were statistically significant(after correction,P < 0.05).(3)There is a positive correlation between the correct rate(r=0.40,P < 0.05)and the reaction time(r=0.49,P < 0.05)of RM and TBPM.(4)There was no significant difference in sex between EBPM,TBPM and RM in T2 DM patients(P > 0.05).(5)The correct rate of insulin injection group was higher than oral medication group in RM test,correct rate is 0.75(0.70-0.85)vs 0.70(0.65-0.75),and the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05).(6)In duration of disease ?10 years group and duration of disease >10 years group,correct rate of EBPM is 1.00(0.90-1.00)vs 0.70(0.33-0.98),reaction time of EBPM is 1972.95(1490.73-2478.83)vs 2632.35(1816.57-3498.10);correct rate of TBPM is 0.80(0.70-0.90)vs 0.40(0.30-0.70),reaction time of TBPM is 2591.85(1689.05-3390.95)vs 3131.40(2328.80-5415.00),correct rate of RM is 0.75(0.70-0.87)vs 0.70(0.62-0.75),the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05).(7)There was no significant correlation between GHb and the correct rate of EBPM,TBPM and RM in T2 DM patients(P > 0.05).(8)The number of hypoglycemia episode in T2 DM patients is negatively correlated with the correct rate of EBPM(r =-0.66,P < 0.05)and TBPM(r =-0.38,P < 0.05).There is a simple linear relationship between the number of hypoglycemia episodes and the correct rate of prospective memory(P < 0.05).Conclusion:(1)The TBPM,EBPM and RM of T2 DM patients are significantly lower than that of healthy control group.(2)The damage of TBPM is more severe than EBPM and RM in T2 DM patients,TBPM is the most obvious damage compared to the other two types of memory.(3)There is a correlation between RM and TBPM,and the damage of RM affects TBPM impairment.(4)Methods of combined insulin therapy can mitigate down memory damage.(5)The duration of disease and the severe hypoglycemia are the factors affecting the memory damage of T2 DM,and there is no effect of sex on the memory damage of T2DM. |
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