Study On The Prevention And Control Of Occupational Hazard Factors In Waste Incineration By Cement Kiln Fly Ash

With the development of economic globalization,sustainable development strategies have become the focus of attention of all countries.People’s awareness of environmental protection is gradually increasing,the cost of landfills for living garbage continues to rise,land resources are becoming more and more tense,but waste incineration technology has some advantages such as small floor space,harmless and resource recycling,the waste incineration technology has become a widely used treatment method in various countries.The treatment methods widely used by various countries have also been widely used in large and medium-sized cities in China.Since 2010,a large number of waste incineration power plants have been built in China.The residue collected by the flue gas purification system of the power plant is fly ash,which contains a small amount of dioxins and heavy metals.The “Policy for Prevention and Control of Hazardous Waste Pollution(The environment and Development(2001)No.199)”,the document clearly states that the fly ash produced after the incineration of domestic waste cannot be discharged directly and must be collected in a unified manner and stored separately.At present,an industrialized production line that uses cement kilns to co-dispose of waste incineration fly ash has been built in China.The production line has achieved initial results in the harmless and resourceful disposal of fly ash.Owing to it an annual disposal capacity of more than 30,000 tons,so it has unimaginable copy and promotion prospects.Therefore,the study of the occupational hazards in the process of using cement kiln co-processing to dispose of refuse incineration fly ash will have very important practical significance in the field of practical engineering.In this paper,we regard the industrial line which usually be used to disposal waste incineration fly as object and use the innocent,resource-based and safe cement kiln to dispose of domestic waste incineration fly ash technology as the entry point.We analyzed the occupational hazards of the existing fly ash disposal industry and investigated existing protective measures for occupational hazards meanwhile identified existing problems in the current phase,then we put forward comprehensive prevention and control measures about occupational hazards in the fly ash disposal industrial line.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)By consulting literature,investigating and analyzing the status of domestic and foreign waste incineration fly ash disposal and through comparative analysis of three common fly ash disposal technologies,landfill disposal,heavy metal chelating agent chemical treatment,and high temperature treatment,we draw the conclusion that cement kiln heat treatment waste incineration fly ash technology which is already has a mature industrial disposal line in place of China is particularly economy.Finally,we also analyzed the technical status about the joint disposal of fly ash by using cement kiln and whether it can solve the problems of dioxins and heavy metals.(2)Through analysis the occupational hazards in cement kiln co-disposal waste incineration fly ash industrial line which contains the production process,labor process,work environment and maintenance process to identified occupational hazards such as noise,sodium carbonate,hydrogen chloride,and hydrochloric acid in produce process and find occupational hazards such as welding fumes,manganese and its compounds,nitrogen oxides,carbon monoxide,ozone,noise,and ultraviolet radiation exist during the maintenance process.(3)Through on-site investigation and inspection of the occupational hazards of the cement kiln co-disposal waste incineration fly ash industrial line,we found that the monitoring values of various occupational hazards in the current fly ash disposal industrial line are all meet the requirements of the national standards.At the same time,through the summary evaluation of existing occupational disease hazard protection measures,we identified some current problems and proposed comprehensive measures and recommendations for feasible occupational disease prevention.Finally,we verified that the technology meets the requirements of occupational disease hazard prevention and can do further promotion and application.