The Study On The Role Stress And Influence Factors Of The ICU Nurses

Objective:To explore the status and the contributing factors of the ICU nurses’ role stress and put forward the countermeasures.Methods:Both quantitative and qualitative research methods were used to solve the problems above in the study.Firstly,250 ICU nurses from two top 3-A hospitals in Zunyi were investigated with the self-designed demographic questionnaire and the questionnaire of role stress,and 229 effective questionnaires were returned finally.The effective response rate was 91.6%.The results were analyzed with SPSS 19.0 software,and independent-sample t test and one-way ANOVA were used in the analysis.ICU nurses who have filled out the questionnaires were purposefully selected as the interviewees to explore the reasons of ICU nurses’ role stress.Totally 10 ICU nurses participated in the semi-structured interview.The relevant information was analyzed and arranged into different codes,and the main subjects of influencing ICU nurses’ role stress were classified.Results:1、The total score of the role stress was 73.56±11.49 among ICU nurses and the average score of the role stress was 3.06±0.48.In the three aspects of the ICU nurses’ role stress,the average score of the role overload was the highest(3.48±0.63),the average score of the role conflicts is the second(3.27±0.63,and the average score of the role ambiguity is the lowest(2.09±0.52).2、Independent-sample t test and one-way ANOVA showed that there were statistical differences among ICU nurses with different departments,monthly income and marital status.(P<0.05 for all)3、The influence factors of ICU nurses’ role stress included the following aspects: social factors(the unfair allocation of the health resource between rural and urban areas,the shortage of nurses,the common characteristics of ICU patients,the developmental needs of affiliated hospitals of university),organizational factors(the dual management and authority by the bureaucracy and medical subsystem meanwhile,the negative superior-subordinate communication experience,the divergence of role expectations from different groups in hospitals),interpersonal relationship(disharmony between ICU doctors and nurses)and the individual factor(lack of ICU nurses’ capacity).Conclusion:1、Role overload and role conflict were the main aspects of ICU nurses’ role stress.2、 Firstly,objective factors(social and organizational factors)led to ICU nurses’ role stress.Consequently,the government should undertake the responsibility of the supervision of health resource allocation and the guidance of abandoning the treatment,and the hospitals need to attach importance to the management of ICU nurses,managerial authority,establish the smooth communication mechanism among medical staff and provide ICU nurses with more humanistic care and social support.3、Secondly,subjective factors(interpersonal and individual factors)also attributed to ICU nurses’ role stress.On the one hand,both the ICU doctors and nurses need to work together to establish an equal and respectful relationship.Besides,the ICU patients and their relatives should have a objective cognition of medicine.On the other hand,the ICU nurses of all departments have to improve the skills of role acting,such as communication and time management skills.Finally,ICU nurses should make full use of social support system and adjust themselves to relieve the role stress.