| Part 1 Investigation on the prevalence of overweight and obesity and chronic diseases among public officialsObjective:In this study,data on the prevalence of overweight and obesity and the prevalence of chronic diseases were collected through the three-year survey of provincial public officials in Shijiazhuang City,which provided the theoretical basis for evaluating the health level of public officials.Methods:1 This study conducted for three consecutive years collected data from 5715 current and retired officials aged 23 to 88 years old in Shijiazhuang City.Between2014 and 2016,techniques including follow-up survey,questionnaires,medical examinations and laboratory tests were employed.This study was based on body mass index(BMI),using the Chinese BMI grouping criteria(low body weight group: <18.5kg/m~2,normal group: 18.5≤BMI<24.0kg/m~2,overweight group:24.0≤BMI<28.0kg/m~2,obese group: BMI≥28.0kg/m~2),and the prevalence of overweight and obesity were statistically analyzed.The prevalence of chronic diseases was categorized based on gender,age and BMI level.2 The statistical analysis of this study was performed on SPSS 21.0 statistical software.Count data were described by frequency and composition ratio.Chi-square test was applied for comparison.Trend test used χ2test.The prevalence of overweight and obesity and the prevalence of chronic diseases were calculated for three years.Results:1 Overweight and obesity rates in male were significantly higher than that of female.Male prevalence of diabetes and hypertension were higher than that of female,and the prevalence of hyperuricemia and hypercholesterolemia of female were higher than that of male.The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of male were higher than that of female.From 2014 to 2016,the three-year prevalence of hypertension in women showed an upward trend,the three-year prevalence of hyperuricemia was declining,the three-year prevalence of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in both male and female was increasing.2 The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased with aging and reached a maximum at 60~69 years group then gradually decreased after that.The prevalence of diabetes and hypertension increased with age while the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia,hypertriglyceridemia,low high-density lipoproteinemia,and high low-density lipoproteinemia displayed similar trends to overweight and obesity peaking at 60-69 years old.The three-year prevalence of diabetes in the 60~69 years group was gradually decreasing.The prevalence of hyperuricemia in different age groups showed a decreasing trend.The three-year prevalence of low high-density lipoproteinemia,was increasing in the 40~49 years group,50~59 years group,60~69 years group and ≥70 years group.3 The prevalence of diabetes mellitus,hypertension and hyperuricemia positively associated with increments in BMI level.The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia,low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased with the increase of BMI levels.The three-year prevalence of hyperuricemia in the normal and overweight groups was gradually decreasing.The three-year prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia in the overweight group and low high-density lipoproteinemia,in the normal group,overweight group,and obesity group was gradually increasing.Conclusions:Overweight and obesity have a greater impact on chronic diseases,controlling body weight and limiting BMI within normal ranges would be the vital first step in healthcare.Gender,age and BMI levels affected the overweight and obesity rates and the prevalence of various chronic diseases as revealed in this study,in which gender and age are uncontrollable factors,people could increase their control over BMI.In addition,the pathogenesis and development of metabolic chronic disease influence each other synergistically,more propagation and health education could effectively control this undesirable trend.Part2 Study of the risk of chronic illness in public officials: cohort studyObjective:This study was designed to analyze the influencing factors of chronic disease in provincial public officials in Shijiazhuang City.The risk of hypertension and diabetes was calculated with different influencing factors in order to provide a scientific basis for formulating hypertension,diabetes prevention and control planning.Methods:1 This study investigated 5715 provincial public officials aged between 23 to 88 years old in Shijiazhuang City,and went on cohort study for three consecutive years.From 2014 to 2016,follow-up survey,questionnaires,medical examinations and laboratory tests were conducted.The risk ratio(RR)and 95% confidence interval(CI)of chronic disease were calculated by categorization of sex,ages,different BMI levels,blood glucose levels,blood pressure levels,uric acid and blood lipid levels.2 The data was analyzed usingSPSS21.0 statistical software.The follow-up person-year,Incidence density and relative risk(RR)and the 95% confidence interval(CI)were calculated.Results:1 The total incidence of DM was 1666.52 persons /100,000person-year.The incidences in males and females were 2241.53 persons/100,000 person-year and 1080.41 persons /100,000person-year,respectively.The risk of male DM was 2.10 times higher than that of females.The risk of DM was much higher than that of the low age group.The risk of DM of the high age group was 3.05 and 4.46 times higher than that of the low age group in the male and female population respectively.With the increase of age,the risk of DM increased.In the low age group,the risk of DM of male was 2.36 times higher than that of female and in the high age group the risk of DM of male was 1.61 times higher than of female(P<0.05).In different levels of BMI,the risk of DM in the normal group,overweight group and obese group increased respectively.The risk of DM of the obese group was 2.67 times higher than that of the normal group in the male group.The risk of DM of the overweight group was 1.97 times higher than that of the normal group in females.The risk of DM of the obese group was 3.08 times higher than that of the normal group in the female group.In the normal group,the risk of DM of male was 1.76 times higher than that of female.Uric acid levels and blood lipid levels affected the risk of DM for varying degrees.2 The total incidence of HTN was 9413.82persons/100,000 person-year,and the prevalence of HTN in male and female was 8324.50 persons/100,000 person-year and 10481.64 persons/100,000 person-year,respectively.The risk of HTN of male was 1.29 times higher than of male.The risk of HTN of the high age group was 1.51 and 3.07 times higher than that of the low age group in the male and female population respectively.In the low age group,the risk of HTN of male was 1.70 times higher than that of female;in high age group,the risk of HTN of female was 1.20 times higher than that of male.In the different BMI levels,the risk of HTN in the normal group,the overweight group and the obese group increased sequentially.In the male group the risk of HTN of the overweight group was 1.50 times higher than that of the normal group and the risk of HTN of the obese group was1.55 times higher than that of the normal group.In female group,the risk of HTN of low body weight group was 0.42 times lower than that of normal group and the risk of HTN of the overweight group was 1.73 times higher than that of normal group and the risk of HTN of the obese group was 2.64 times higher than that of normal group.In the obese group,the risk of HTN of female is 1.40 times higher than that of male.Blood lipid levels affected the risk of DM for varying degrees in the female population.Conclusions:The risk of diabetes and hypertension in males was higher than that in females;higher age groups were at significantly higher risk than that seen in lower age groups;and the risk of diabetes mellitus in the normal group,overweight group and obese group were elevated and the blood lipid level affected the risk of diabetes.Prevention of chronic diseases should be enforced in the public population regarding weight control publicity and education.Weight control aiming for normal body mass index range,followed by enhanced health knowledge and health management is of great significance to the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases among public officials. |
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