| Objective: This study aimed to provide reference for improving the quality of life for elderly population aged over 90 years,by investigating the status of health,nutrition and psychology in elderly population aged over 90 years in Weihai,and the quality of life and its influence factors aged 100 and above,.Method: Stratified cluster random sampling was carried out to select 260 elderly people aged over 90 years old(≥90 y)in Weihai,China.The general situation,living habits,the history of chronic diseases and income and expenditure were investigated by socio-demographic health information form.The food frequency questionnaire(FFQ)and24-hour diet recalls were used to investigate the dietary nutrition status of elderly population aged over 90 years,and the nutrients calculator was used to calculate the intake of nutrients.Chinese version 2 of the Short Form-36(SF-36 v2)questionnaire was taken to evaluate health-related quality of life at 100 years old and above(≥100 y),the scale of which was divided into 8 dimensions,and the lower scores,the more serious damage of health.The life satisfaction index(LSIA)was used to evaluate the psychological status who aged over 90 years,the highest score of which was 20 points: more than 17 points as great satisfied with life,10-16 points as satisfied with life,below 9 points as not satisfied with life.Results: In this study,a total of 260 elderly people were surveyed,of whom 156 were 90-99 years old(90-99 y),104 were 100 years old and above;of whom 31.9% were male and68.1% were female;5% of whom lived in towns and 95% lived in rural areas;only 8.1% of whom received education of the primary school or above.The average value of BMI in ≥90y was 20.3 kg/m2 for male,and 20.1 kg/m2 for female.Underweight,overweight and obesity were accounted for 17.3%,10.8% and 3.8%,respectively.There were 36.5% of ≥90 y without definite diagnosis of diseases during the investigation.Among patients with any disease,the prevalence of hypertension,diabetes and coronary heart disease were 21.2%,2.7% and 3.8%,which were lower than those in people of 60 years old and above(49%,20% and 20%-30%).It was showed that the average total amount of daily food intake was752.4g.The intakes of cereal and potatoes,beans and milk met "Chinese Senior Citizen Dietary Guidelines".Cereals and potatoes accounted for 48%,as the largest proportion of total food;vegetables and fruits accounted for 22.3%,as the second largest proportion.The intakes of various nutrients and daily energy intakes were lower in ≥90 y than the recommended intakes of dietary nutrients in Chinese residents for elderly people over the age of 80.The score of LSIA in ≥90 y was 11.1 ± 3.4 points,which showed that they were satisfied with life.In ≥100 y,6.3% could walk continuously 1500 meters without difficulty,and 10.5% could walk continuously 1000 meters effortless.47.4%,50.5% and 26.3% of≥100 y could take care of themselves in clothing,diet and defecation.The scores of physical function,role-physical,bodily pain and social function were all lower in ≥100 y than the average level of Chinese population,also the scores of physical function,role-physical,bodily pain,social function and role-emotional were all lower than those of 90-99 y.It was showed that without chronic disease,no smoking and exercise might be conducive to physical health,and without chronic disease,hearing,living in city,often watching TV,and regular diet might contribute to the mental health of the elderly.Conclusion: Most of elderly population aged over 90 years could reach good status of nutrition,with low prevalence of chronic diseases.The intakes of food met "Chinese Senior Citizen Dietary Guidelines",but the intakes of nutrients and energy cannot meet the "Chinese dietary reference intakes" for elderly people over the age of 80.The quality of life in ≥100 y were slightly lower,however,who still had good dietary habits and optimistic attitude towards life. |
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