| Four property including cold,hot,warm,cool,is the basic characteristic of Chinese Herbs.Medicinal property is one of the important concepts,which reflects the reaction of drugs and bodies.All the herbs have their own nature and flavour,and the different combinations of nature and flavour reflect the different reaction of herbs to bodies.Our research group put forward a novelty hypothesis that an herb has X kinds of nature and Y kinds of flavour(Y<X),a flavour is corresponded to a nature,and the nature and flavour of an herb could be detached and combinated.As the expansions of this hypothesis,we tentative suspect that western medicine including single chemical composition also has its nature and flavour.Our research chose nine common western medicines,such as berberine hydrochloride,phenoxymethyl-penicillin potassium,colchicine,cyclophosphamide,dexamethasone,aspirin,dried yeast,nitroglycerin and atropine sulfate to investigate their nature and flavour.The concrete research contents are as follows.1.Pharmacological studyAfter oral gavage with the nine western medicines for 9 days,the variation of body temperature and ATPase activity were determined to investigate the change of energy metabolism.The result indicated that each of the western medicines affected the energy metabolism of normal rats at different levels.Among them,the rats treated by berberine hydrochloride showed significant decrease of body temperature,the rats treated by phenoxymethylpenicillin potassium showed significant decrease of Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity,the rats treated by colchicine showed significant decrease of body temperature and ATPase activity,the rats treated by cyclophosphamide showed significant decrease of Na+-K+-ATPase activity,and also showed obvious downward trend of body temperature,the rats treated by dexamethasone showed significant increase of significant decrease of body temperature as well as Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity,the rats treated by aspirin showed significant decrease of body temperature and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity,the rats treated by dried yeast showed significant decrease of Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity,and also showed obvious downward trend of body temperature,the rats treated by nitroglycerin showed significant increase Na+-K+-ATPase activity,and also showed obvious downward trend of body temperature,the rats treated by atropine sulfate showed obvious downward trend of body temperature.These results indicated that each western medicine could affect the energy metabolism of normal rats with promotion or suppression.Based on these results,we speculated that berberine,penicillinV,colchicine,cyclophosphamide,aspirin and yeast tablets had cold(warm)property,while nitroglycerin and dexamethasone had hot(cool)property.2.Metabonomics studyThis study used UPLC/Q-TOF-MS to analyze the urine samples of rats treated with the 9 western medicines for 9 days.After analysis,we found that urine metabolic profile of rats changed significantly.By intuitive analysis,pattern recognition analysis,database retrieval and MS-MS analysis,the potential biomarkers which lead to the change of metabolic profile were screened and indentified.Furthermore,MetPA analysis was used to count the effect with up and down of the nine western medicines to the entire metabolic profile,and the hot and cold property of the nine western medicines were comprehensive evaluated.The results of PCA analysis showed clearly distinguish of each dose group and control group.The metabolic pathway of the nine medicines was obtained by MetPA analysis,and the metabolic pathway whose score from high to low was as follows:TCA cycle,pentose phosphate pathway,a-linolenic acid metabolism,glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism,taurine and hypotaurine metabolism,histidine metabolism,lysine degradation,tryptophan metabolism,arachidonic acid metabolism,purine metabolism,arginine and proline metabolism and alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism.Among them,citrate,cis-aconitate,2-oxoglutarate,fumarate and malic acid from TCA cycle,ribose-5-phosphate from pentose phosphate pathway,and alpha-linolenic acid from a-linolenic acid metabolism showed the greatest impact on the change of metabolic profile,and were closely related to hot and cold property.Combined with the statistical result metioned above and the MetPA analysis result,we speculated that berberine hydrochloride,phenoxymethylpenicillin potassium,colchicine,cyclophosphamide,aspirin,dried yeast had cold property,while dexamethasone,nitroglycerin and atropine sulfate had hot property.These results were in accordance with the Pharmacological results.This paper demonstrated that western medicines with single chemical composition also had four Natures.This meant that the medicine could affect the body’s substance metabolism and energy metabolism when it played therapeutic effect.This paper is an expansion of nature and flavour theory research of our group,further it is a guideline to the cognition of western medicines and clinical medication. |
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