Influencing Factors Of Self-management Behavior Of Patients With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Based On Health Belief Model

Objectivesl.To describe self-management behavior of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients.2..Topredictthe determinants of self-management behavior based on the health belief model among patients with gestational diabetes..MethodsUsing the convenience sampling method, we enrolled 282 GDM pregnant women between August 2015 and January 2016 in the obstetric department of the first pe ople's hospital in Jining, Shandong Province,China.Face to face questionnaire sur vey was carried out. The data include socio-demographics, clinical characteristics self-management behavior,diabetes knowledge, self-management behavior, self man agement efficiency and self-management health beliefs.Results1.13.48% of patients had good self-management behavior, and the proportions of patients with good diet management, exercise, blood sugar monitoring, high and low blood sugar processing were 6.38%,6.03%,5.67%,and 16.67%, respectively.2.8.51% of patients had good diabetes knowledge score. The mean scores of pa tients who had perceived severity, susceptibility, behavioral health benefits, behavi or barriers, self-efficacy were 77.38±0.82,58.03±0.61,67.91±0.70,42.27±0.68,50.8 1 ± 13.67,respectively.3. Differences in the self-management score by age and education were statistical significant(P<0.05).Self-management score did not statistically differ by other social demographic characteristics(P>0.05).Generally, older patients with higher education and income, living with partner shad better self-management behavior.4. Self-management behaviors were positively correlated with perceived susceptibility, behavior benefits, and behavior barriers, but not with diabetes knowledge level, perceived disease severity, and self-efficacy.5. Self-efficacy, behavior barriers and perceived behavioral benefits were significant predictors of patient self-management behaviors(P<0.05).Conclusion:1. The patients with gestational diabetes have poor self-management behaviors. High or low blood sugar processing is the best self-management behavior,followed by diet control, and blood glucose monitoring and exercise adherence are the worst.2. The diabetes knowledge is poor. General health beliefs overall is also poor.Perceived severity is the highest, followed by perceived behavior benefits, susceptibility and self-efficacy,and the lowest is behavior barriers.3. Self-management behaviors vary by socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with gestational diabetes. The differences by age and education are significant.4. Self-management behaviors are statistically and positively correlated with perceived susceptibility, behavior barriers, and benefits, but not with diabetes knowledge, perceived disease severity, and self-efficacy.5. Health belief model can explain well in patients with gestational diabetes self-management behavior; self-efficacy, perceived behavior barriers and benefits are a significant independent predictor.