Study On The Impact Of Diet On Iron Deficiency Anemia In Pregnancy And Application Of Individualized Nutrition Guidance Program In Prevention And Therapy Of Iron Deficiency In Pregnancy

AIM:(1)This study aims to investigate the impact of diet on iron deficiency anemia(IDA) in pregnancy, provide a scientific basis for formulating intervention programs.(2) This study aims to explore the effective intervention model for the pregnant women with iron deficiency by used a Individualized Nutrition Guidance Model.METHODS:(1)A case-control study was conducted with 105 pregnant women with IDA and 105 normal pregnant women. Questionnaires were used to investigatethe type and frequency of various foods intake during pregnancy. The reviewed data was analyzed using logistic regression analysis.(2) The study used the method of random control.The pregnant women were divided into iron deficiency group and normal group according to serum iron protein. Each group was randomly divided into two groups, the Individualized Nutrition Guidance Model was in the intervention group,and the control group is intervened by conventional nutrition. Individual nutritional intervention programincluded the establishment of the nutritional profile, dietary survey and monitoring and the issuance of nutrition prescription. Results were evaluated at 20 weeks, 28 weeks and 36 weeks respectively. The evaluation index included BMI index, iron intake, hemoglobin and serum ferritin and the incidence of iron deficiency.RESULTS:(1)The frequency of grain, fruits, vegetables, oil intake were comparable between two groups(P>0.05); The frequency fish, meat, blood products, animal internal organs,calcium, iron, vitamin supplements intake in the case group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05);The frequency nuts, milk and dairy products, beans, stimulant intake in the case group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that intake of fish,meat(OR=0.725), blood products(OR=0.827), animal internal organs(OR=0.803), calcium(OR=0.792), vitamin(OR=0.832), iron(OR=0.901) were the protective factors of IDA in pregnancy,while intake of milk(OR=1.121), stimulant(OR=1.172) were the risk factors of IDA in pregnancy.(2) In the intervention group.The intake of iron, HB MCV and SF were superior to the control group, the difference is significant, the incidence of iron deficiency in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group, the iron deficiency of pregnant women was significantly higher than the control group, the difference is statistically significant.CONCLUSION:(1)Pregnant Women increase the intake of meat and fish, blood products, a animal internal organs may effectively prevent or reduce the incidence of IDA in pregnancy. And the excessive intake of milk and dairy products, stimulating drinks will increase the risk of IDA in pregnancy.(2) The individual nutrition intervention program for prevention and treatment of pregnant women with iron deficiency has a good effect.