Research On The Quality Of Life And Community Care Service Needs In The Elderly With Visual Impairment

ObjectiveTo investigate the present situation as well as the influencing factors of the quality of life and community care service needs of the elderly with visual impairment, and to analyze the correlation between them. The aim is to provide the basis and the reference for regulating the community care service, to establish and perfect the old-age service system, and to elevate quality of life to the elderly. MethodsIt was a cross-sectional survey. By using the Multi-stage sampling, 369 visual impairment elder were included to participate in the research from April 2015 to August 2015. The tools include the general information questionnaire, National Eye Institute-Vision Function Questionnaire-25, self-designed community care service needs questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, General Self-Efficacy Scale and LogMAR chart. The data was input and analyzed by Epidata3.1 and SPSS 18.0 respectively. Descriptive analysis, T-test, ANOVA, multiple linear stepwise regressions and Pearson's correlation analysis were employed. Results1. The scores((?)±s) of the quality of life of the elderly with visual impairment were showed as follows. The composite score was(58.27±17.27). The score of General Vision domain(37.43±16.58) was the lowest of all, next was the Distant Vision domain(44.00±23.22) and Near Vision domain(45.39±25.15). The score of Ocular Pain domain(80.40±18.06) was the highest.2. The scores((?)±s) of the community care service needs of the elderly with visual impairment were showed as follows. The composite score was(6.45±1.25). The score of medical rehabilitation service(2.07±0.33) was the highest of all. And the score of daily life assist(1.37±0.50) was the lowest.3. Multiple linear regression analysis results showed that the influence factors affecting the quality of life of the elderly with visual impairment were visual acuity of the better eye, depression degree, visual acuity of the worse eye, duration of illness, self-efficiency and anxiety level. These factors can explain about 76.4% variation.4. Multiple linear regression analysis results showed that the influence factors affecting the community care service needs of the elderly with visual impairment were visual acuity of the better eye, visual acuity of the worse eye, self-efficiency, the number of chronic diseases, living style, marital status, quality of life and income level. These factors can explain about 73.4% variation.5. The result of the Pearson correlation analysis revealed that there exists the negative correlation(P<0.05) between the quality of life in different domain and the community care service needs in various aspects of the elderly with visual impairment. The care needs were rising with the quality of life reducing in the elderly with visual impairment. Conclusions1. The quality of life of the elderly with visual impairment was at a lower middle level. The community care service needs of the elderly with visual impairment was at a high level.2. The influencing factors of the quality of life of the elderly with visual impairment were as follows:visual acuity of the better eye, depression degree, visual acuity of the worse eye, duration of illness, self-efficiency and anxiety level. While what influenced the community care service needs of the elderly were visual acuity of the better eye, visual acuity of the worse eye, self-efficiency, the number of chronic diseases, living style, marital status, quality of life and income level.3. The quality of life was negatively correlated with the community care service needs in various aspects. In order to establish and improve the old-age service system and elevate their quality of life and satisfy their diversified service needs, the particularity of the visual impairment elder should be considered, and the specific measures should be made.