Ultrasound Examination And Related Risk Factors Analysis Of Lower Extremity Arterial Disease In Type 2 Diabetes

Objective: This study aims to investigate the ultrasonic characteristics and related risk factors of lower extremity arterial disease(LEAD)in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.Methods: One hundred and fourteen patients in type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted at our hospital endocrinology from January 2015 to December were randomly selected.All patients met the DM diagnostic criteria which is developed by the World Health Organization in 1999.And selected 89 physical examination persons in our hospital,exclusion of diabetes,cardiovascular diseases,liver and renal failure,high cholesterol,etc.Using color doppler ultrasound scanned client bilateral lower limb arteries,and recored the lumen diameter,intima-media thickness and plaque size,echo,morphology,location and hemodynamic information,etc.All subjects were detailed record gender,age,blood pressure,smoking history,drinking history,etc.The patients fasted for 10-12 h,then venous blood was extracted to measure the biochemical indicators related.Results:1 Analysis of lower extremity arteriosclerosis between diabetes and healthy controls: the lower extremity arteriosclerosis in diabetes was more than healthy controls;the involvement of below-knee artery was more in diabetes,while the artery above the knee was more in healthy controls.2 Analysis of lumen diameter and intima-media thickness between diabetes and healthy controls: lumen diameter decreased and intima-media increased relatively in diabetes.3 Analysis of plaque echo and morphology of plaque between diabetes and healthy controls: irregular and heterogeneous plaques were increased significantly in diabetes;there were more in below-knee artery.4 Analysis of vascular stenosis between diabetes and healthy controls: class I and class II mild-moderate narrow main shows in controls,while level III and level IV of severe narrow and occlusion was increased significantly in diabetes.5 Analysis of the effect of diabetes between preoperative and postoperative: hemodynamic had improved significantly.6 Analysis LEAD and Non-LEAD: the results showed that male,age,smoke and hypertension,hyperlipidemia were independent risk factors for LEAD.7 Analysis LEAD and Non-LEAD: the result showed that the FBG,FIB,hsCRP,UA and HbAlc,TG were all the risk factors for LEAD.Conclusion:1 Lower extremity arterial disease in diabetes were more likely to involve the below-knee artery,and diabetes can increase the degree of lower limb arteriosclerosis.2 Irregular and heterogeneous plaques were increased in diabetes,so in the clinical work,doctors should pay attention to the control and prevention of embolism caused by plaques.3 Color doppler ultrasound technique had important value in the judgment of postoperative efficacy with lower extremity arterial disease,CDU can be used as the first choice for efficacy assessment and reviews after interventional therapy.4 In the clinical work,doctors should reduce the blood sugar levels to prevent or delay the development of atherosclerosis,at the same time,correct the blood pressure、blood lipids and the disorder of the biochemical indexes.5 Color doppler ultrasound technique was helpful to early diagnosis and treatment of lower limb arteriosclerosis.