A Study Of Bt Protein Degradation Law In The Corn Zone Of The East Of North China And Huanghuaihai Plain And Its Impact On Soil Fauna

Transgenic Bt gene crops industry has achieved great success in the world,whether the Bt protein produced by its exogenous gene will be accumulated in the soil ecosystem and whether there is environmental risk has attracted increased attention.Soil fauna as an important component of soil ecosystem,whether it is affected by Bt protein in soil has become an important factor for the assessment of transgenic Bt gene crops environmental risks.Based on two large maize growing areas in China—the spring maize growing area at the East of North China and the summer maize growing area at Huang-Huai-Hai Plain,this research takes the domestically-developed varieties with largest popularization and application potentials transgenic insect-resistance maize with cry1 Ac gene and transgenic insect-resistance maize with cry1 Ie gene.This research adopts semi-natural ecological simulation(residual decomposition bags)and field in-situ survey as the research methods,study on the degradation rule of Bt-cry1 Ac protein and the effect of two transgenic maize on soil fauna,thus collecting security data for the future popularity of the varieties.The main conclusions are as follows:1 、 The protein degradation rule of Bt-cry1 Ac in The East of North ChinaandHuang-Huai-Hai Plain maize areasSelecting transgenic insect-resistance maize with cry1 Ac gene Bt-799 as the research material,it was researched by adopting semi-natural ecological simulation(residual decomposition bags)and ELISA qualitative methods from November 2015 to August 2016 in Gongzhuling city of Jilin Province、Shangzhuang town of Beijing city and the flat area in Xinxiang city of Henan Province.The findings show that the protein degradation tendency of Bt-cry1 Ac in Gongzhuling city of Jilin Province、Shangzhuang town of Beijing city and the flat area of Xinxiang city of Henan Province is consistent.During November 2015 to May 2016,the research material has degraded by 95.27%,97.53% and 97.96% respectively.By the end of the sampling in August,only 0.56% of the protein in Gongzhuling city of Jilin Province has not been degraded.The result show that,the Bt-cry1 Ac protein contained in the first crops could not be accumulated in soil in second years.2、The influence of transgenic Bt maize on the original soil fauna during the planting seasonSelecting transgenic insect-resistance maize with cry1 Ac gene Bt-799 and its contrastive non-transgenic maize Zheng 58 as the research material,it was researched by Hand-sorting、Macfadyen and pitfall trap methods to investigate the original soil fauna in soil from May 2015 to October.The findings show that,transgenic insect-resistance maize with cry1 Ac gene Bt-799 and its contrastive have no significant difference in terms of the diversity and the number of soil fauna,the indicators of the soil fauna community structure are consistent in their changing trends by three methods,and there is no significant difference in community structureduring different periods.Based on the data obtained from the three research methods,it can be proved that transgenic insect-resistance maize with cry1 Ac gene Bt-799 has no significant influence on the original soil fauna during the planting season.3、The influence of transgenic Bt maize residues on soil fauna community(1)The influence of transgenic insect-resistance maize with cry1 Ac gene Bt-799 residues on soil fauna communitySelecting transgenic insect-resistance maize with cry1 Ac gene Bt-799 and its contrastive non-transgenic maize Zheng 58 as the research material,it was researched by adopting semi-natural ecological simulation(residual decomposition bags)method from November 2015 to August 2016.In Gongzhuling city of Jilin Province and the flat area in Xinxiang city of Henan Province,the findings show that,transgenic insect-resistance maize with cry1 Ac gene and its contrastive have no significant difference in terms of the diversity and the number of soil fauna,the indicators of the soil fauna community structure are consistent in their changing trends,through one-way analysis,it is found that some of the indicators of community structure have shown significant differences during certain months,however through repeated measures analysis on the overall sample,no significant differences can be identified.In Shangzhuang town of Beijing city,the findings show that,transgenic insect-resistance maize with cry1 Ac gene and its contrastivehave significant difference in terms of the number of acarina.the indicators of the soil fauna community structure are consistent in their changing trends,through one-way analysis,it is found that some of the indicators of community structure have shown significant differences during certain months,through repeated measures analysis on the overall sample found that the number of soil fauna in contrastive maize field was significantly higher than Bt-799 field(P<0.05).Because the data is only the result of a year of reaearch,so it is need to long-term multi-point monitoring in the future.(2)The influence of transgenic insect-resistance maize with cry1 Ie gene IE09S034 residues on soil fauna communitySelecting transgenic insect-resistance maize with cry1 Ie gene IE09S034 and its contrastive non-transgenic maize Zong 31 as the research material,it was researched by adopting semi-natural ecological simulation(residual decomposition bags)method from November 2015 to August 2016.In Gongzhuling city of Jilin Province,the findings show that,transgenic insect-resistance maize with cry1 Ie gene and its contrastive have no significant difference in terms of the diversity and the number of soil fauna,the indicators of the soil fauna community structure are consistent in their changing trends,through both the one-way analysis and the repeated measures analysis,it is found that there are no significant differences in terms of the indicators of community structure.In Haidian district of Beijing city and the Longshan office in Jinan city of Shandong Province the findings show that,transgenic insect-resistance maize with cry1 Ie gene and its contrastive have no significant difference in terms of the diversity and the number of soil fauna,the indicators of the soil fauna community structure are consistent in their changing trends,through one-way analysis,it is found that some of the indicators of community structure have shown significant differences during certain months,however through repeated measures analysis on the overall sample,no significant differences can be identified.The results show that,transgenic insect-resistance maize with cry1 Ac gene Bt-799 residues,transgenic insect-resistance maize with cry1 Ie geneIE09S034 residues have no significant influence on soil fauna community.