Effects Of Different Rootstocks On The Growth And Fruit Quality Of ’Shine-Muscat’ Grape

The Shine-muscat grape is a middle-aged fresh grape variety,which belongs to E urasian hybrid varieties.It’s easy to be cultivated and looks beautiful,with shiny clusters,brittle flesh and strong rose fragrance.It has strong resistance to disease,cracking and transportation,with a long fruiting period and good commercial characteristics,etc.with these advantages,Shine-muscat is quite popular among consumers.In this paper,the Shine-muscat is taken as the scion grafted onto different rootstocks from 14 varieties,such as 420A、3309C、Gloire、225Ru、101-14、101、5C、110R、Macadams、5BB、Kangzhen No.3、EeniFuji、S04、Kyoho.The aim was to detect the effects of these rootstocks on growth and quality of the results according to the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Shine-Muscat grapes under the same cultivation conditions.1.Rootstocks has Significantly effects on the phenophase of the Shine-muscat.The rootstock Gloire,101,5C and Macadams are higher than the the self-root in eight indicators of the phonological period(period of germination,elongate shoots,inflorescence forming,florescence,early flowering,final flowering,fruit softening and coloring,fruit ripening).Therefore the four kinds of rootstock grafting can promote Shine-muscat softening,coloring and ripening earlier,of which the earliest ripening rootstock 5C has 7 days earlier than the self-root.However,the rootstock 420A has 8 days later than the self-root;2.Rootstocks has Significantly effects on the growth and fruiting habits of the Shine-muscat.The rootstock 101-14 is higher than the self-root on the new branches’growth of the three indicators,which significantly enhanced the growth potential of the scion.The inter node diameter is 0.11 cm higher than that of the self-root,the inter node length is 3.4 cm higher than that of the self-root.The photosynthesis of the scion is significantly increased and the photosynthetic rate is 0.59 μmol/m2.s higher than that of the self-root.The rootstock Gloire is 3.9%higher than the self-root in germination rate,2.3%higher than the self-root in fruit branch rate,and 85.12kg higher than the self-root in production.The rootstock 110R is 9.8%higher than the self-root in germination rate,the rootstock Kangzhen No.3 is 8.7%higher than the self-root in fruit branch rate,the rootstock 3309C is 510.72kg higher than the self-root in production;3.The effect of rootstock on the appearance quality of the Shine-muscat:The rootstocks 3309C,Gloire and S04 significantly increase the ear and fruit grains,the rootstock with the biggest weight of the ear is 3309C,240.83g higher than the self-root,the rootstock with the biggest weight of the fruit grains is Gloire,0.5 8g higher than the self-root;The average hardness of the fruit is about 0.4,the hardness of 5C is the highest,is 0.05 higher than the self-root.Common rootstock EeniFuji is consistent with the self-root.The L*value of the rootstock 225Ru,5C and Macadams is 50 larger than others,The rootstock 225Ru has the highest brightness,is 4.99 higher than the self-root.EeniFuji rootstock is 1.64 higher than the self-root,The fruit rust is the problem of the production of sunshine rose grape fruit in the production process.It did not find rust in the rootstocks 420A、3309C、Gloire、225Ru、101、5C、Macadams and S04;4.Effect of rootstocks on inner quality of the Shine-muscat:The results shows that the content of fructose and total sugar of the rootstock 225Ru,101 and S04 are significantly different from other rootstocks and self-root,and the rootstock with the highest content of fructose and sugar content is 225Ru,12.33mg/g and 29.16mg/g higher than that of the self-root.And the lowest one is Kyoho,13.90mg/g and 25.42mg/g lower than that of the self-root,which is significantly different from other rootstocks and self-root.The content of tartaric acid is not significantly different from others.There are significant differences in the ratio of 3309C and 225Ru in L-malic acid content compared with other other rootstocks and self-root.The highest soluble solids content in the same period is rootstock 225Ru,which was 2.96 Brix higher than the self-root.Commonly used rootstock EeniFuji is 1.02 Brix height than the self-root;5.According to the fuzzy principle,after comprehensively evaluating nine indexes of early maturity,trunk diameter,internode diameter,internode length,production,grain weight,fruit brightness,total sugar and total acid content,The results of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation shows that 3309C,S04 and Gloire are better than those of the self root seedlings and solve the production of fruit rust and the size of the problem of large grain,which are consistent with the actual performance of the demonstration base in the Haining,Zhejiang reclamation tideland.