The Efficient Irrigation Technology Research For Traditional Irrigation To Drip Irrigation In Sandy Of Red Jujube In Southern Xinjiang

This paper through analysis the irrigate ration and irrigate frequency for red jujube's growth,yield and quality,photosynthetic characteristics,effects of soil water salt distribution and water consumption and so on to explore the optimum drip irrigation combination.In order to guide the productive practice,improve water use efficiency,and provide theoretical support and guide the development of the mature red dates in South XinJiang area with efficient irrigation technology under irrigation to drip irrigation.Field experiment as the foundation,combined with laboratory test,with seven year old local dwarfing close planting jun jujube as the test materials,irrigation quota and irrigation frequency two factors and three levels in irrigation changed under drip irrigation fertilization.Irrigation quota was set up 3 levels: 900,1050 and 1200 mm;irrigation times set up 3 levels: 10,14 and 18 times,a total of 9 treatments with 2replicates per treatment.Through the field experiments and theoretical analysis,the following preliminary conclusions can be drawn:(1)Irrigation quota and irrigation frequency of irrigation to drip-irrigation significantly changed for soil water distribution.On time scales,red dates of increasing irrigation frequency and irrigation quota for soil water maintained at equilibrium and sufficient condition,the average soil water content remained at a high level under the 1050 mm irrigation quota and 18 irrigation frequency treatment throughout the observation period.The soil moisture content is low in the horizontal direction on the farther distance of drip irrigation tape,the change amplitude is greater under condition of the 900?1050 mm irrigation quota with increasing irrigation frequency.(2)Irrigation quota and irrigation frequency significantly changed soil salinity under drip irrigation.Red date's new period or florescence has maximum salinity on time scales with each irrigation quota and irrigation treatment,firstly to reduce the salt content in 0-100 cm soil depth when irrigation quota and irrigation time increases,significantly reduced the soil layer below 100 cm depth of salt irrigation quota if quota continued.The depth of salt leaching increased from 50 cm to 90 cm when the vertical distribution of irrigation quota increased from 900 mm to 1200 mm.In the horizontal direction,the distance to drip irrigation tape more far,the salt content is higher,irrigation quota mainly effects the 0-20 cm depth of soil salinity distribution,the average soil salinity is higher with the irrigation quota increasing and the salinity difference is larger in the horizontal direction;the irrigation times mainly affect the 0-80 cm depth of soil salinity distribution,the horizontal salinity difference is smaller with the increase of irrigation times.(3)Effects of irrigation quota and irrigation frequency to drip irrigation on Photosynthetic Characteristics of red dates are significant.The net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance was bimodal and trend up-down-up-down,the two peak's deviation is small,the phenomenon of midday depression of photosynthesis was significant,10 times irrigation of photosynthesis lunch time occurred at16:00,14,18 times irrigation at 14:00.The net photosynthetic rate of daily mean value increases with the increase of irrigation quota,increasing irrigation frequency can significantly improve the net photosynthetic rate.(4)Effects of irrigation quota and irrigation times to drip irrigation on water consumption of red dates are significant.The irrigation water consumption intensity showed a trend of first increase and then decrease,as follows: white mature period > florescence> development stage >new period >bud period>ripening stage,the water consumption accounted for a larger proportion of the whole growth period in florescence and development stage.Under the condition of the same number of irrigation water,the consumption increased with the increase of irrigation quota,also,increase irrigation quota can significantly improve the florescence and development stage water consumption in the whole growth period.(5)Effects of irrigation quota and irrigation frequency to drip irrigation on the growth and quality are significant.900 mm irrigation quota was significantly inhibit the growth of the red dates line,and irrigation frequency had no effect on plant's height.Under the condition of 1050 and 1200 mm irrigation quota,increasing irrigation frequency can reduce the growth rate of jujube's side branches,more water and nutrient supply to the new branches,also add and increase their growth.Increase the irrigation quota and irrigation frequency is conducive to improve the yield of red dates,but not good to the accumulation of sugar and vitamin C,and the quality will decline.(6)The irrigation quota and irrigation frequency to drip irrigation on yield,quality,photosynthetic characteristics and soil water salt were significantly affected.The 1050 mm irrigation quota and 18 irrigation frequency is the optimal irrigation combination in this experiments,and the maximum yield is7549 kg?hm-2,not only save the 30 % irrigation water,but also increase the water use efficiency more than50 %.For red dates in the southern of Xinjiang desert,it can provide a scientific basis to the efficient irrigation technology of irrigation to drip Irrigation.