The Research Of Improving Partical Factor Productivity Potential Of Nitrogen Fertilizer From The Perspective Of Household Production

Partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer(PFPN)is an important indicator used to measure output efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer for rice cultivation.Controlling households’ nitrogen fertilzation is of significance to improve PFPN.Quantitative identifing nitrogen use efficiency(NUE)is beneficial to control nitrogen fertilization effectively,and has a theoretical value for the coupling research of PFPN.However,the current research of nitrogen use efficiency is still lacking,especially lack of theoretical dicussion of NUE from the perspective of households’ production,there is still an argument on the recognition of NUE.So exploring the effectiveness of nitrogen fertilizer from the perspective of households’ production and studying the improved potential of PFPN for rice cultivation is significant to clarify the coupling mechanism of PFPN and is practical to protect the ecological environment for rice cultivation in Jianghan Plain.This paper studyed in the case of Jainghan Plain.Got the key input and output factors of rice cultivation in Jianghan Plain with questionnaire survey,built the model of stochastic frontier production function and identified the minmum nitrogen fertilizer input in a certain rice yield and evaluated NUE and the redundancy of nitrogen;then identified the correlation between NUE and technical efficiency based on the stochastic frontier production function and analyzed the effected factors of NUE and technical efficiency;At last,evaluated the real and ideal PFPN of rice cultivation in Jianghan Plain,then put forward the improved potential of PFPN.The main results of this paper were as follows:(1)From the perspective of hoseholds’ production,the effective nitrogen included the uptaked nitrogen by rice plant and the lost parts for supporting rice plants uptaking.So the minmum nitrogen fertilization referred to the sum of rice pants uptaking and the unavoidable loss of nitrogen in the environment.The mean nitrogen use efficiency was 0.58,indicating that 42% nitrogen redundancy still existed.(2)The mean PFPN in Jianghan Plain was 42.8kg/kg,if the nitrogen fertilization decreased to the minmum nitrogen fertilization,the mean PFPN could increase to 74.7kg/kg,the nitrogen fertilization was 129.6kg/hm~2.(3)The technical efficiency of rice cultivation in Jianghan Plain was 0.85,the increase of technical efficiency was significant to improve nitrogen use efficiency,especiallly when the technical efficiency surpassed 0.8.(4)The level of households’ fertilizer knowledge,fertilization preference,farm size and soil texture were positively related to technical efficiency,the capital ratio of nitrogen input to the total capital was negatively related to technical efficiency,and there was no relationship between substitution elasticity and technical efficiency.