Yunnan Province Of Agricultural Water Management Mechanism In Tonghai County Yang Guang Area As An Example

In recent years, with the rapid development of society and growth of population, the demand to water resources increases gradually, and the imbalance of the demand and supply intensified. The scarcity of water resources gradually restricts the development of economy and the improvement of our living standards. Water resources are of vital importance to the agricultural production. Agricultural water accounts for more than 90% of the total water consumption. While agricultural water is scarce, a lot of water is used unreasonable, which restricts the development of agriculture. All this leads us to pay more attention to the problem of water management in agriculture.Yunnan province is a typical mountainous terrain which comprises 94% of the total area of the province. Population densely gathered in a few areas leads to the imbalance of the demand and supply of water resources. The increased demand of domestic water, industrial water and eco-environmental water compresses the quantity of agricultural water. Meanwhile, the traditional way of cultivation makes the utilization of water resources in a low level and the pollution is serious. The water problem has restricted the development of Yunnan agriculture. Based on the on-the-spot research, this paper tries to analyze the problem of agricultural water utilization in Yunnan from the aspect of gross amount of water resources, development and utilization rate of water resources, balance of demand and supply as well as the trend of agricultural water supply. Also, it tries to find the future of agriculture water-saving in Yunnan and build the mechanism of agriculture water-saving in Yunnan by analyzing the development of agricultural water saving irrigation and current situation of water-saving management in Yunnan, mainly including the initial water right allocation mechanism, cost-based water pricing mechanism, water-saving incentive and restraint mechanism, water use cooperative mechanism, etc.. Taking the Tonghai Yangguang area as a case, the paper analyses the experience and innovation in the implementation and operation of agriculture water-saving management from the aspect of choosing criteria, project profiles, water-saving management mechanism, the effects achieved. By using model, the paper compares the water-saving efficiency before and after the implementation of agriculture water-saving management mechanism from the angle of profit maximization, and research which management mechanism is more favor of water-saving management.In conclusion, this paper not only builds the agriculture water-saving management mechanism, but also proposes its implementation process. Main conclusions are as follows:1. the implementation of agriculture water-saving management mechanism can effectively promote water-saving and increase income.2. Initial water rights allocation mechanism and cost-based water pricing mechanism is the core of water-saving management mechanism.3. The implementation of agriculture water-saving mechanism asks for the participation of farmers under the leading of government.4. Areas of high value-added crops and lacking management of water use should first prioritize agriculture water-saving management mechanism.