Effect Of Cultivation Measures On The Yield And Quality Of Coreopsis Tinctoria

Coreopsis tinctoria,the other name is Coreopsis basalis, it is an annual herbaceous compositae coreopsis plant. Coreopsis tinctoria has important medicinal value and economic value, and it is one of the most promising medicine and food in the future market. After many studies have confirmed that the Coreopsis tinctoria has resistance to pathogens, reducing blood, anti tumor, anti senility. In order to use Coreopsis tinctoria resources scientifically and fully, improve the yield and quality of Coreopsis tinctoria,meet the needs of the market, have to study the yield and the quality on Coreopsis tinctoria, to provide a reference for further development effectively of Coreopsis tinctoria market.The seeds of Coreopsis tinctoria of Xinjiang Hetian in this experiment as the test materials.(1) Studied matrix of different ratio(peat, vermiculite, perlite) Coreopsis tinctoria seedling growth effects.(2) The effects of planting density and topping numbers and harvest time on yield and quality of Coreopsis tinctoria.(3) The effects of different concentrations of mineral elements of 4 kinds of foliar fertilizer(K,Ca, Mg and B) affect the yield and quality of Coreopsis tinctoria. The main results were as follows:(1) Made the Coreopsis tinctoria seeds as the test materials, used peat, vermiculite, perlite matrix, the application effect of 5 different ratio of substrates on the Coreopsis tinctoria plug seedling. The results showed that Ⅳ in the seedling growth growing preferably, strong seedling index 0.056,shoot fresh weight of 1.261 g, underground fresh weight 0.423 g, shoot dry weight of 0.268 g, underground dry weight 0.050 g,whole plant fresh weight of 1.529 g, total dry weight of 0.473 g, 0.056 seedling index, fresh and dry than30.94%, and this matrix porosity ratio of water holding 55.00%,ventilation porosity 38.00%,the total porosity 93.00%, gas-water ratio 0.690, p H value of 6.65, EC 0.092 ms/cm; Followed by Ⅲ growth of seedlings are preferred; RatioⅠ,Ⅱand Ⅴ compared with other two deals, they growth were not good, not adapted for stoichiometric matrix of Coreopsis tinctoria.(2) The experimental studied on the design the planting density,pinching times and harvest time of Coreopsis tinctoria. The results showed that: different density,pinching times and harvest time had an effect on growth, yield and the quality of Coreopsis tinctoria. The study found that Coreopsis tinctoria plants the best condition of growth and yield was highest with treat 7(spacing of 25 cm × 40 cm, no pinching, every day harvest) and treat 6(spacing of 20 cm × 40 cm, pinching twice, every day harvest).Treat 7 total output of dried flowers of 53.52 kg/667 m~2, total flavonoid 13.51%, chlorogenic acid 0.55%,total amino acid 10.78%, tea polyphenols 10.27%, total sugar 14.85%.Treat 6 dried flower production of50.49 kg/667 m~2. total flavonoid 13.79%, chlorogenic acid 0.57%, total amino acid 10.69%, tea polyphenols 10.54%, total sugar 17.04%.While the treat 6 with higher production, but considering it picked two pinching will cost lots of labor, so didn’t appropriate to do promote cultivation measures of Coreopsis tinctoria.The quality showed the best combination of cultivation is treat 1(spacing of 15 cm×40 cm, no pinching, every day harvest), except treat 6 and treat 7, the content of total flavonoids in four stages were the highest, the yield of flower of 45.79 kg/667 m~2, total flavonoids content of up to 15.46%, chlorogenic acid content of up to 0.45%, the total content of amino acids of 12.40%, tea polyphenols up 10.65%, total sugar content reached 14.39%. Other treats on growth, yield and quality had poor performance, treat3(spacing of 15 cm × 40 cm, pinching twice, 3 days harvest)fared worst on the yield and quality.(3) The experiment studied the effects of yield and quality of Coreopsis tinctoria in different kinds of leaf fertilizer.The results showed that the suitable concentrations of mineral elements in foliar fertilizer could promote growth, improve the yield and improve quality. And it is recommened that application of leaf fertilizer on picking time is August.The experiment found out the most appropriate spraying K fertilizer concentration was 3000 ppm,yield of Coreopsis tinctoria up to 50.75 kg/667 m~2, total flavonoid 15.49%, chlorogenic acid 0.43%, total amino acid 12.51%, tea polyphenols 8.96%, total sugar 22.09%.The optimum spraying Ca concentration was 2000 ppm, the dried yield of Coreopsis tinctoria for 56.25 kg/667 m~2, total flavonoids 14.60%,chlorogenic acid 0.54%, total amino acids 11.62%, tea polyphenols 9.99%, total sugar 22.52%. Most suitable for spraying Mg fertilizer concentration was 2000 ppm, flower yield of Coreopsis tinctoria 49.62kg/667 m~2, total flavonoids 15.74%, chlorogenic acid 0.43%, total amino acids 12.77%, tea polyphenols11.31%, total sugar 23.27%.The optimum spraying B concentration was 1000 ppm, flower yield ofCoreopsis tinctoria up to 41.79 kg/667 m~2, total flavonoids 15.18%, chlorogenic acid 0.45%, tea polyphenols 11.44%, total sugar 20.14%.The suitable concentration of K(3000 ppm), Ca(2000 ppm), Mg(2000 ppm) and B(1000ppm),comprised with CK, all could improve the yield and quality of Coreopsis tinctoria. K could help promoted total flavonoids and chlorogenic acid; Ca could increase the yield; Mg could promote the growth of Coreopsis tinctoria.