Research On The Assessment Of The Safety Of Water Resources In The Serious Accidents Of Nuclear Power Plants

China's coastal nuclear power optional site has been limited,nuclear power site has been extended from the coast to the Inland.The history of nuclear accidents indicated that serious accidents of nuclear power plants were harm to water resource security.It is of great significant to study the influence of serious accidents which is about the safety of water resource in inland nuclear power plants.This paper studied the influence of serious accidents,constructed mechanism of influence and established the index evaluation system,which is about water resource security in inland nuclear power plants,Then,the paper comes up with two evaluation methods about the function of water resource and the affected GDP.Taking the nuclear power plant of the Peach Blossom River as an example,the main results and contents are as follows:(1)Based on the process of the influence which is about serious accidents of the nuclear power plant on water resources,constructing mechanism of accident on water resources security,confirming the way into water about radionuclides.There are three respective ways into surface water: First,the direct leak into the surface water;second,the direct deposition of radionuclides into surface water;third,the deposition of radionuclide,which spread to atmosphere,onto land,then converging into surface water by infiltration and overland flow.There are three respective ways into groundwater: First,Radioactive liquid infiltrate into the groundwater;Second,airborne radioactive radionuclide fall to the surface through wet and dry deposition,then infiltrating into groundwater;Third,radioactive material which converges into the surface water infiltrate-recharge groundwater.(2)Based on the mechanism,establishing the index system for the assessment which is about the impact of serious nuclear accidents on water resources security.This paper,taking water resources use function and affected GDP as bid,establishes index system that includes target layer,criterion layer,constraint layer,index layer.The target layer will be divided to isolation region and outside isolation region,which include affected water consumption or GDP,from the spatial scale;the criterion layer includes the influence of social function,economic function,ecological function;Constraint layer is the further refinement about the criterion layer,relating to life,the first industry,the second industry,the third industry as well as the impact on water ecology;The index layer selects 11 thinning indexes;then coming up with evaluation method which takes water resources use function and affected GDP as bid.(3)Taking a nuclear power plant as an example,apply the above two methods to evaluate the effect of serious nuclear accidents on water resources security.The result indicates that evaluation results of the two evaluation methods are consistent,which attribute to serious influence.The evaluation results are validated by each other,and the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation method are increased.The results show that the two methods are effective.