Study On The Impacts Of Coal Surface Mining On Grassland Landscape And Ecosystem Services In Xilinhot

Coal mining,especially open pit mining,inevitably affects land use,landscape pattern and ecosystem services.In order to understand the changes of these aspects and to explore the rules of the trend,this paper takes Xilinhot as the research area,and introduced the natural,social,economic and ecological changes in this area.Then we obtained six remote sensing images acquired in 2005,2009,2011,2013 and 2015,the remote sensing images processing,and use the method of supervised classification and human-computer interactive interpretation,the land use types in the study area is divided into seven classes,namely,open stope,stripping area,waste-dump area,mine industrial area,farmland,urban area and the original landscape(grassland).The overall classification accuracies were 97.72%,97.31%,98.43%,96.69%,97.06%,and 96.73%,and the Kappa coefficients were 0.95,0.93,0.97,0.91,0.90 and 0.95.Analysis of LUCC(Land Use and Cover Change)showed that severe disturbance of land in open pit coal mine area: grassland decreased by 8661.15 hm2 in 2005~2015;the area and proportion of mining area(open stope,stripping area,waste-dump area and mine industrial area)are increasing.Transfer matrix of land use changes showed that waste-dump had the largest impacts in mining disturbance,and that effective reclamation of waste-dump areas would mitigate eco-environment destruction,as would be of great significance to protect fragile grassland eco-system.This study calculated the CA,PLAND,NP,PD,LPI,ENN,LSI,IJI eight landscape indices,results showed that the degree of landscape fragmentation increased,the impact of human activities on the landscape is mainly reflected in the expansion of mining area and city area.Remote sensing monitoring of coal surface mining in grassland would accurately demonstrate the dynamics and trend of LUCC,providing scientific supports for ecological reconstruction in surface mining area.The value of ecosystem services in the study area was estimated.The results showed thatthe ecosystem service value decreased significantly,and the ecosystem service function was significantly decreased.Ecosystem services value of the study area decreased from 66472.2 thousand yuan in 2005 to 49967.3thousand yuan in 2015,an average annual decline of more than more than1500 thousand yuan,decreased by 24.83% compared with 2005.The contribution of grassland to the ecosystem service value was the highest,and the mining operation area(open stope,stripping area,waste-dump area and mine industrial area)and urban construction land were negative,and increased year by year.The main reasons for the change of land use,the change of landscape pattern and the decrease of ecosystem service value are the artificial mining activities and urban expansion.