| The improper disposal of agriculture organic residue caused a series of problems such as ecological environment pollution and a waste of resources, which had a serious impact for agricultural sustainable development and the health of human life. Earthworm as "soil ecological engineer", which played a role in promoting the improvement of the soil physical form and the decomposition of nutrients. At present, there are less research of earthworm processing agriculture organic residue such as livestock and poultry manure. Research of growth and development of earthworm in different organic materials aimed at revealing the characteristic of the earthworm's growth in different environmental conditions and the impact of earthworm on the selected materials,which would contribute to directing the optimizing of growth environment and increased efficiency of vermicomposting. In order to provide theoretical basis for earthworm which is gineered organisms that applying to harmless and resource utilization treatment.This study used composting experiment technology indoor carried out 45 days vermicomposting experiment with five common agriculture organic residue as cattle,pig,sheep,chicken manure and mushroom residue which inoculating Eisenia foetida. The experimental results are as follows:1) The growth of earthworm had closely related to the properties of the organic materials. The C/N of five samples was 7 to 17,the earthworm survival rate increased with increase of C/N, high C/N promoted adult earthworm gaining weight and in favour of increasing in juvenile and earthworm cocoon number; The total nitrogen was unfavorable for earthworm survival, but promoted juvenile and cocoon number increasing and adult one gaining weight; The p H values of samples ranged from 6 to 9, earthworm cocoon and juvenile number increased with increasing of p H values, alkaline environment was more advantageous to earthworm breed than acidicenvironment; high value of organic carbon was bad to earthworm survival which would lead to high death rate; High N/P values would lead to cocoon number decreasing; high content of available K did good to juvenile number increasing.2) Vermicomposting did significantly influence to properties of organic materials. Earthworm would decrease C/N value of organic materials when nitrogen mineralization was weak; The total nitrogen maight increase because of earthworm secreted N-rich materials or transforming organic nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen; The p H value would decrease on vermicomposting as time goes by; The organic carbon would be adjusted to the range that suitable for growth and development through the physiological effect of earthworm; The content of total phosphorus would increase significantly by earthworm, which could also improve the accumulation of available phosphorus and available potassium, and decreased the content of total potassium.In conclusion, the growth of earthworm was limited by various nutrients condition, high C/N value promoted growth,high content of total N,available potassium and alkaline environment promoted reproduction;High content of organic carbon and total N inhibited the growth, as high N/P value did bad to reproduction. I suggest that add materials such as stalks and sawdust to vermicomposting which will increase efficiency and processing optimization result would be obtained; The guarantee of recycling and harmless agriculture organic residue has been obtained.Vermicomposting remarkably influenced the nutrient properties which promoted the content of total N, P, available phosphorus and available potassium, promoted materials to acidification and decreased the content of total K and C/N value, the content of organic carbon was adjusted to an appropriate range. |
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