Assessment Of Wetland Ecosystem Service In The Hangzhou Bay Wetland

Hangzhou Bay is the boundary between the north and south coastal wetland in China and it is the important monitoring objects.It provides us a wide variety of ecological services,including material products,water conservation,carbon fixation,climate regulation,atmosphere regulation,biodiversity protection,soil conservation,entertainment and scientific research.Hangzhou Bay wetland is located in the East Asian-Australasian Flyway so that it has important strategic position in ecological safety.With the rapid development of Hangzhou Bay economic zone,the Hangzhou Bay wetland suffered wetland area reducing and increasing contamination.However,the ecological services of Hangzhou Bay wetland have not been fully recognized,there are still some unreasonable exploitation which resulting in wetland degradation,and such situation have not been taken seriously.Reasonable exploitation is on the base of ecosystem services value assessment of Hangzhou Bay wetland.The purpose of this paper is to make people better understand the economic value of Hangzhou Bay wetland and the services it provides to us,moreover,it can offer a standard for policy making and sustainable development.In this article,ecological services have been classified into four categories: provisioning services,regulation services,supporting services and cultural services.Nine different ecological functions and fifteen indices have been chosen and market valuation method,shadow project method,Carbon tax method,substitute cost method and travel cost method have been used to evaluate the ecosystem services of Hangzhou Bay wetland.The data comes from field survey,laboratory analysis and previous researches.The results show that annual total value of Hangzhou Bay wetland ecosystem services is about 112.78 billion yuan RMB.According to the evaluation,the value of the climate regulation function is largest,which is 536.16×10~8 yuan/a,accounting for 43.71% of the total value,followed by water purification function which is 386.36×10~8 yuan/a,accounting for 31.5% of the total value.Others are ranked from greatest to lowest as: carbon fixation,water conservation,material products function,atmosphere regulation function,biodiversity protection function,soil conservation function,entertainment and scientific research function.This study suggests that the ecological services of Hangzhou Bay wetland have realistic significance,however,the ecological services are threatened by excessive reclamation.The assessment of the ecological services value of Hangzhou Bay wetland can provide a reference for the government.In order to protect wetland resource,we strongly suggest relevant departments control the exploitation scale,reinforce the construction of wetland nature reserve and strengthen environmental monitoring,prevent water pollution as well.Besides,reasonable development and utilization have been conducted on the premise that implementing sustainable development strategies.