The Study Of Improving Fiscal Transfer Payment System-the Design Of Horizontal Fiscal Transfer Payment System

Fiscal transfer payment system was established with the implementation of tax distribution system and it is a part of the tax-distribution fiscal management system.An excellent fiscal transfer payment system is based on the complete tax-distribution system, and is premised on the clear definition of fiscal powers and responsibilities among governments. Although the current fiscal transfer payment system works well in adjusting vertical relationships among governments, it has little effect on horizontal relationships. The horizontal transfer payment system can theoretically balance regional fiscal resources and make up for the deficiency of vertical transfer payment system, but our country has not established a normative horizontal transfer payment system. As a prototype of the horizontal fiscal transfer payment system, partner assistance has played an important role in disaster relief assistance, economic aid,medical assistance and education aid in our country. However, partner assistance lacks long-term stability mechanism and it cannot work well all the time, so it is necessary to further standardize and perfect partner assistance from two aspects: laws and regulations.Firstly, this paper expounds the concept of horizontal transfer payment as well as the partner assistance theories, and defines the scope of horizontal transfer payment and partner assistance. The basic principles of establishing horizontal transfer payment system are put forward and related theoretical basis is enriched. Combined with China’s actual conditions, the present situation of transfer payment and the existing problems in partner assistance, the necessity and feasibility of establishing horizontal fiscal transfer payment system are expounded. Then the advantages and success of German horizontal financial transfer payment system are discussed by applying comparative analysis method. And it is pointed out that our country can draw lessons from Germany instead of copying its mode completely when building horizontal transfer payment system, but to build a horizontal transfer payment system with Chinese characteristics finally. This paper designs a horizontal fiscal transfer payment system from multiple levels and perspectives, specific contents are asfollows: It is determined that the horizontal transfer payment system should take fairness and efficiency as the goal. It applies the combination of vertical and horizontal transfer payment mode with Chinese characteristics. Laws should be made to standardize the transfer payment system. Special agencies should be set up to be responsible for the operation of horizontal transfer payment system. The operation path of transfer payment funds is designed. And the effect of horizontal transfer payment system should be evaluated reasonably. In addition, an empirical simulation is made on operation path of transfer payment funds, and the results show that horizontal transfer payment system is really able to adjust the gap of regional fiscal ability. And lastly, in order to ensure that fiscal transfer payment system will be well implemented, this paper suggests perfecting the vertical fiscal transfer payment system and deepening the reform of fiscal system, including optimizing general transfer payment systems, standardizing special transfer payment systems, simplifying the government levels, defining responsibilities and function among governments, and defining fiscal powers and responsibilities among governments at all levels reasonably.The innovation points of this paper are as follows: On the basis of summarizing the existing data, related theoretical basis of horizontal transfer payment system is expounded respectively from the aspects such as politics, economics, laws, and behavioristics. At the same time, this paper defines the scope of horizontal transfer payment and partner assistance. And then a horizontal financial transfer payment system is designed respectively from the aspects such as the goal, the mode and system, legislation, measuring and calculating methods, organization ways, capital operation and performance evaluation. Besides, an empirical simulation is made on operation path of transfer payment funds. The research contents of this paper can provide some references for our country to establish and perfect the horizontal fiscal transfer payment system.