Study On Optimization Of Land Use Structure Based On Ecosystem Services Value

Since the reform and opening up, we can feel the great progress in socio-eco nomic aspects of China. With the population explosion and the accelerating of urb anization, the contradiction between people and land is more serious and critical, accompanied by a series of environmental problems, which have a great relationsh ip with human irrational use of land. At the present stage people’s development a nd utilization of land give priority to the purely economic interests, paying less at tention to the Ecosystem Service Value. Worldwide warming, land degradation, lo w stability of the natural ecosystems, fog and haze emerge in endlessly, functions of ecosystem service are obviously declining, the sustainable development has be en threatened, and therefore the value of ecosystem services research began to rec eive much attention and become one of the hot spots.The role of ecosystem services is to provide production and necessities for h uman life in order to ensure the quality of human life, and the difference of land use directly affects the breadth and intensity. In the study area of Gong’an Count y, the present article study the structure of land use value of ecosystem services based on the theory of Optimization of Land Use, through the analysis of nearly two decades of land use change in Gong’an County, combined with research of e cosystem service value stated by experts such as Xie Gaodi. The research estimat es nearly two decades of the Gong’an County’s ecosystem service value and chan ges, which are combined with the Gong’an County’s land use planning research, a nalyzes the relationship between land use and ecosystem services value, constructs the objective function targeted for the maximum value of Ecosystem Service Val ue, establishes the constraints for each variable. By solving the model, the land u se structure of Gong’an County in 2020 has been concluded, and specific measure s to optimize the structure of land use proposals have been put forward.The results show that:(1) Great changes have taken place in land use in Gong’an County during t he 1992 to 2012.From a quantitative point of view, the arable land has increased by 26,348.60 hectares which is the largest changed number of land classes, increa sing significantly from 1992 to 2002;the proportion of the total area of land for c onstruction is low, having been in a rising trend, there is definitely an area of 85 96.71 hectares yet; the proportion of the forest land is low compared with the cul tivated land and waters, the deduction in 1992-2002 reaching to the peak; the wat ers is in opposite trend, the reduction followed the forest land, the number is in a large number; the area and proportion of the garden plot is low, keeping even-i ncreasing in small area. Structurally speaking, information entropy of land use stru cture is keep declining from 1992 to 2012,the descend range from 1992 to 2002 exceeds the descend range from 2002 to 2012, which shows that the homogeneou s degree and order degree of land use structure in Gong’an County has been rising. From view of the land use dynamic degree, the dynamic degree of each land ty pe has been decreasing, that the rate of change of land use reduced year by year. From the point of land use intensity, the comprehensive index of land use intensity i n Gong’an County has been increasing, which rised from 314.92% in 1992 to 358.13% i n 2012,among them,the contributions of arable land, land for construction, the gardens w ere positive, on the contrary, the contributions of woodland and the waters were negativ(2) From 1992 to 2012, ecosystem service value in Gong’an County has ch anged greatly, ecosystem service value of Gong’an in 1992 was 2,772,870,400 yua n, which was 2,772,870,400 yuan in 2002, which was 2,092,610,800 yuan in 201 2.In the time period of two decades during 1992-2002 and 2002-2012, ecosystem service value has been decreasing generally. Based on previous results, the prese nt article conducts a correlation analysis and sensitivity analysis, and comes to a c onclusion that there is a positive correlation between ecosystem service value and farmland, gardens, woodland, waters, among them the correlation between ecosyst em service value and waters is the most largest, r=0.9682; instead there is a nega tive correlation between ecosystem service value and land for construction, r=-0. 8986; Through sensitivity analysis results, ESV for VC sensitivity index was less than 1, during 1992 to 2012, the sensitivity index of arable land, land for construction, garden te nded to increase,a decreasing trend in woodland waters.(3) From results of land use structure optimization show that, the gardens a rea decreased 2018.69 hectares, compared with 2012 which decreased 32.68%,the reduction is very significant; the forest land area increased 77.63 hectares, compar ed with 2012 which increased 0.66%;the waters area increased 1941.26 hectares, which increased from 23,983.49 hectares to 22,042.23 hectares from 2012 to 2020, the growth rate is 8.81%;arable land, construction land area doesn’t have any chan ge. In 2012 the total value of ecosystem services in Gong’an County was 2,092,6 10,800 yuan, and it will mount to 2,157,786,700 yuan, an increase of 65.1759 mi llion yuan, the growth rate is 3.11%,therefore it indicates that the optimization pro gram will help to improve the eco-efficiency and enhance the ecological environm ent.(4) In order to achieve optimization of the land use in Gong’an County, it is recom mended to take the following measures combined with the actual situation of Gong’ an County:protect farmland effectively, use land economically and intensively; carry o n environmental construction actively, protect the ecological security; achieve the purpos e of land information and scientific management.