The Research Of Letters From Readers In The People’s Daily(1949-1952)

As the New China establishment in October 1949, the Communist Party of China became the ruling party, which faced the serious situation. At the beginning of founding of a new nation, the Communist Party of China reformed in political and economic field, also strengthening leadership for the public opinion. As the people’s democratic state, paying close attention to the public opinion is of righteousness. The participation and creation of marvelous history cannot be separated from the masses. As an influential Communist Party newspaper, the People’s Daily shouldered the role of the party and the people’s mouthpiece, and letters from readers became a platform of public opinions. This article takes the letters from readers of the People’s Daily (1949-1952) as the research object, discussing the individuals’ communication with the nation and the public power in the historical background of the new nation establishment, which is in the platform of letters from readers.This article mainly is divided into three parts. The first part mainly discusses the history of the People’s Daily and settings of letters from readers. The People’s Daily is growing as the development of party newspaper business of CPC. The Communist Party of China always attaches great importance to the public opinion propaganda work, from the founding to at the helm of the nation, and newspapers have been its important means to propagandize public opinions and encourage people. And this medium concept is deeply influenced by the Soviet Union. The Guide Weekly is the first communist party newspaper of Communist Party, then the Liberation Daily become the most important party newspaper of CPC during the revolutionary war, which also establishes the basic principles of party newspapers. The People’s Daily is made up of the Shanxi-Chahaer-Hebei Daily and the People’s Daily in the Shansi-Hopei-Shantung-Honan border region. As the Communist Party of China in Beijing at the helm of the nation, the People’s Daily become the mouthpiece of the central committee of the Communist Party of China. Emphasis on linking with the masses is a tradition of Communist Party newspaper. The Guide Weekly is equipped with the sound of the readers. At the beginning of the founding, the Communist Party of China realized that some party members and cadres were eaten up with pride, and couldn’t accept people’s opinions and criticisms. For this reason, the Communist Party of China carried out criticism and self-criticism in the newspapers in 1950. At this point, the people’s enthusiasm of participating in state and social affairs also enhanced unceasingly. In this case, the number of the People’s Daily letters from readers reached the historical peak from 1949 to 1952. The People’s Daily editorial office pay more attention to letters from readers, whether the choice of forum, or the examining of letters.The second part discusses an important role of the letters from readers-emotional expression. Emotion has a special role in the historical development. The first task of letters from readers of the People’s Daily in this period, is to become the platform of expressing emotions for masses. Emotions include both unlimited enthusiasm to the party, country and leader, the hatred of foreign aggression forces on the dissidents. These clear feelings on love and hatred inspire the morale of the people, making them full of hope for a nation which is the effect public opinion propaganda achieved at the same time. But from another angle, emotional control is an important aspect of the human society civilization process. Uncontrolled blind emotional expression is a kind of abnormal social phenomenon. And the emotional expression is actually a kind of one-way communication, and it will not get a response, only the expression of wishful thinking. These uncontrolled emotions will produce blindness. Under this historical environment, this passion will not vanish, only increasing.In the third part is mainly analyzing the letters reflecting problems and relevant individuals’ responses. This is a two-way communication platform, in which individuals can reflect the problems, and the government also need to know public opinion and accept criticism. During this period, letters reflecting the problems occupies more than half, which involves both political and social management problems, and the personal family life. Replying about a problem, there are differences between the different unit and individual performance. Some can give a timely and effective response, while some sectors are procrastination perfunctory, making the interaction effect of letters from readers limited. There are three main factors causing this situation:the pressure of the political power, the pressure from the media and the absence of the legal system. The instability of these factors may result in the effect of the letters from readers different, even not reaching the expected effect.For the letters from readers of the People’s Daily, this article not intended to discuss the authenticity, just want to reflect the communication and interaction between individuals and the state and public power under the historical background of a new political power founding. The exchanges and interaction needs both sides to actively participate in, and manage system and the legal safeguard can fully highlight effect. The effectiveness of the communication and interaction may be questioned, but this form is a certain significance.