Target Tracking Algorithm In The Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) being a new technology in the21st century, is a cost effective, self organizing, self correcting, and wide coverage communication technology for many military and civilian application. A great deal of attention has focused on the application of target tracking, it is one of the classical applications of WSN with ample room for further development. This paper first outlines the principles of Target Tracking and Wireless Sensor Network, and then combines the two in a research on the applications of target tracking algorithms in WSN environments.This paper first introduces the basics of Wireless Sensor Network, the composition of Sensor Nodes and numbers of common methods used to locate sensor nodes, both with and without range finding requirements. Also explains in detail the mathematical model and frequency filtering algorithms used for target tracking, with further analysis and comparison of various models through simulations ran in "Matlab" software. Finally the application of the target tracking algorithms inside Wireless Sensor Networks, with the introduction of traditional dynamic cluster filtering algorithms, mean while adjusting to the nature of the network as well as operational requirements set. However, based on the limited power supply options and limited wireless bandwidth, there is also proposals on two improved dynamic cluster algorithms. First of which can adapt to changing target velocities by dynamically adjusting coverage area of sensor clusters. In turn, when the target velocity is low, there is no need to wake up large sections of the network, reducing number of active nodes in any point in time, reducing network power consumption. The other suggestion is to dynamically vary the number of actively communicating nodes based on the required tracking accuracy. Due to the high power consumption required for wireless communication, reducing the active communication between sensor nodes can greatly reduce overall network power consumption, extending network longevity. At the same time, the reducing communication within the network will effectively negate limitations in wireless bandwidth, and potential risk of saturating the network.