| ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to investigate the distribution, cognition and emotion of elderly patients with comorbidities, and explore the effect of basic physiological parameters on cognition and emotion, which provide theory basis for promoting physical and mental health of those elderly patients.Materials and MethodsWith convenience sampling method, hospitalized patients older than or equal to 60 were selected as research object, who were from Department of Gerontology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College. According to the numbers of disease,patients were divided into comorbidity group(n=113) and single disease group(n=100).And 98 cases of healthy elderly persons were selected as healthy group from the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College health clinic. The physiological and biochemical data of the research objects were collected,witch contained height, body weight, Systolic Blood Pressure(SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure(DBP), respiratory rate,heart rate, Fasting Plasma Glucose(FPG), Total Cholesterol(TC), Triglycerides(TG),High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-c) and Low Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-c), etc. Then the cognition and emotion of the objective were measured with the Minimum Mental State Examination, Geriatric Depression Scale, and Self-rating Anxiety Scale. Major statistical methods included Chi-square test, one-way ANOVA,T-test for independent samples, Pearson correlation analysis and Spearmen correlation analysis.Results1. Compared the general demographic data among old patients with comorbidities,single disease patients and healthy elderly, the results showed that the three groups of elderly people in gender, marital status, education level, living way, economic status and exercise, the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05), in urban and rural areas,occupation, smoking and drinking on the comparison, the difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05). The most diseases of elderly comorbid group were hypertension, coronary heart disease and diabetes; The prevalence in single diseasegroup were the hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, lung diseases and others.2. Comparison of basic physiological index among old patients with comorbidities,single disease patients and healthy elderly, showed that the difference of three elderly groups in SBP, DBP, respiratory rate, LDL-c was statistically significant(P < 0.05). The difference on age, body mass index(BMI), heart rate, FBG, TC, TG, HDL-c was not statistical significance(P > 0.05).3. The comparison of cognitive and emotion among the three groups showed that,the cognitive scores of the elderly with comorbidities were lower than the single disease group and the healthy group, and the scores of depression and anxiety were higher than those of the single disease group and the healthy group. The difference of cognitive scores, depression scores and anxiety scores, was statistically significant(P < 0.05).4. The relationship between basic physiological indexes, general demographic data and cognition showed that the correlation between basic physiological indexes and cognitive scores was not statistically significant; The differences of cognitive score among different occupations were statistical significance(P < 0.05); Cognitive scores were positively correlated with degree of culture(P < 0.05), and negatively correlated with age in old patients with comorbidities(P < 0.05).5. The relationship between basic physiological indexes, general demographic data and emotion of the common disease in the elderly showed that the depression scores were negatively correlated with BMI and HDL-c(P < 0.05), and were positively correlated with the number of disease and LDL-c(P < 0.05); The anxiety scores were negatively correlated with age(P < 0.05), and positively correlated with TG in old patients with comorbidities(P < 0.05).6. Cognitive scores were negatively correlated with depression scores, and the scores of depression were positively correlated with anxiety scores(P < 0.05).Conclusion1. The cognitive function of elderly patients is poor, and the rate of cognitive dysfunction is high. The cognitive function is related to age, occupation and educational level. Farmers’ cognitive function is lower than that of non-farmers. The larger age and the lower educational level they are, the worse cognitive function they have.2. The depression of elderly patients is serious, and the rate of depression is high.The depressive severity is related to BMI, HDL-c, LDL-c, and the number of disease.The lower BMI and HDL-c they have, the more depressed they are. The higher LDL-c and the lager number of disease they have, the more depressed they are.3. The anxiety of elderly patients is serious, and the rate of anxiety is high. The anxiety levels are related to TC and age. The higher TC they have, the more anxious they are; The older they are, the less anxious they are.4. The better cognitive function, the less depressed the elderly patients are; And the more depressed, the more anxious they are. |
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