| Aim:Based on the model of the interactions between stress and coping styles, this study investigated the relationship among situational factors (demographic data, disease related information), adaptive process (self-esteem, coping style) and psychosocial adjustment state (quality of life, emotional and behavioral problems) in children with asthma.Methods:This study was carried out in a general hospital of Shandong Province.153 children with asthma and one of their parents were included, he following data was recorded:social demography (such as the children’s age, gender, academic performance, the number of peers, father/mother’s education background; parents’ ages, occupation, family residence, family type, family economic status, living condition, etc.). the disease status of asthma (such as PEF value, health status, the degree of asthma diagnosis, the time of diagnosis, etc.). The following scales were adopted:Asthma Control Test (ACT), Inventory of Subjective Life Quality for Child (ISLQ), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale(SES) and Children Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Coping Style Questionnaire (CS), Chinese Version of Children’s Quality of Life of Family Impact Module Volume Table (C-PedsQLIM FIM), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The level of self-esteem. coping style and quality of life of children with asthma were investigated. The data was analyzed by SPSS 16.0 statistical software. The methods include independent samples t-test. variance analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, linear regression analysis.Results:1. The quality of life, the characteristics of SDQ and the differences between demographic data of the children with asthma.2. The analysis of correlation in the life quality and SDQ score with asthma control, self-esteem and coping style in children with asthma(1) The score of life quality of Children with asthma was positively correlated with ACT score. The total score of SDQ difficulty and four dimensions (emotional symptoms and conduct problems, hyperactivity/attention defect, peer relationship) were negatively correlated with ACT score.(2) Life quality score of Children with asthma was positively correlated with the level of self-esteem and coping style of emotion, and negatively correlated with avoidance coping style; The total SDQ difficulty score, and four dimensions (emotional symptoms and conduct problems, hyperactivity/attention defect, peer relationship) was negatively correlated with the level of self-esteem, and positively correlated with avoidance coping style; Among which, the total SDQ difficulty score and SDQ emotional symptoms were positively correlated with coping style score.(3) Children’s life quality score, total SDQ difficulty score and each dimension were compared with parents’coping style, quality of life family influence, anxiety, depression. Children’s life quality score was positively related to life quality of parents’family influence; negatively correlated with parents’anxiety and depression; children’s total SDQ difficulty score and SDQ behavior problems were positively correlated with parents’anxiety.3. Predictors of psychosocial adjustment (internal/external problems, quality of life) in children with asthma(1) The level of self-esteem of children with asthma can positively predict children’s life quality level and avoidant coping style predict negatively. These were statistically significant, P<0.05. The general model can explain 44.8% of the variance.(2) For the emotional symptoms of children with asthma during psychosocial adjustment, the results showed that level of self-esteem can negatively predict it, while coping style could positively predict. These were statistically significant, P<0.05. The general model can explain 29.2% of the variance.(3) For conduct problems, hyperactivity/attention defect problems of children with asthma during psychosocial adjustment, the results showed level of self-esteem can negatively predict the conduct problems, while avoidant coping style could positively predict the hyperactivity and attention defect problems. These were statistically significant, P<0.05. The General model can explain 29.9% and 33.0% of the variance respectively.Conclusion:(1) The quality of life was higher in the children with higher score, more peers and control of asthma.(2) The better the quality of their parents’ life is, the higher the quality of the children’s life is; The less anxiety and depression emotions, the higher the quality of children’s life is.(3) The quality of life was positively correlated with level of self-esteem and the emotional expressive methods. The quality of life was negatively correlated with avoidant coping style. The score of SDQ, emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/attention defect problems and relationship of peers are negative correlated with the self-esteem, and positive correlated with the avoidant coping style. |
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