Studies On Medical Ethics In The Song Dynasty

This article is divided into two aspects:the medical ethics thoughts of the Song Dynasty and the actual situation of medical ethics of the Song Dynasty.Filial piety culture, fundamental goal for goodness, responsibility and duty consciousness in consanguinity patriarchal clan system and Confucian culture of "benevolence" principle, pay attention to play the goodness, achievement of moral personality life values are the root causes of the formation of traditional medical ethics. Development of Confucian culture in Song Dynasty showing significant characteristics:adhere to the "goodness", attach importance to ethics and emphasizing the realization of self moral in the social responsibility. Medical as assuming social responsibility in an effective way, which becomes increasingly important and social status improved, is a natural thing. In addition, the social atmosphere of the Song Dynasty was rulers attaching great importance to medical and Confucian scholars needing to understand medical, which provided the possibility and necessity for the appearance of Confucian Physician. Above are the basis of the formation of medical ethics thoughts in the Song Dynasty.The Song Dynasty physicians had different identity, social status changed frequently, and emerged the new medical groups—Confucian Physician, which with significant characteristics; Non physician groups in Song Dynasty according to their medicine knowledge divided into the ruling class, scholar-bureaucrat class, public class, had distinct characteristics; Due to the difference in patient’s social status, the doctor-patient relationship in the Song Dynasty had different features; Due to the difference in physician’s medical skill and medical ethics, there were three different types of relationship between doctors; The development of new medicine subjects in the Song Dynasty (gynecology and pediatrics, forensic medicine and surgery medicine)contained rich ethical thoughts. Above are the actual situation of medical ethics in the Song Dynasty.The thoughts of medical ethics in the Song Dynasty contains the content of modern medical ethics of virtue ethics and normative ethics:fundamental goal for goodness and paying attention to the value of moral self-discipline play a fundamental role in guiding for the Song Dynasty’s physician especially Confucian physician; ethics requirements—"benevolence" with Song Dynasty social background make the new medicine subjects in the Song Dynasty appearing new medical ethics thoughts.