| Objective:To understand the existing or potential emotional problems and the influence factors of the community empty-nest elderly in Nan Chang, make and implement the multidimensional psychological nursing intervention, in order to prevent and relieve negative emotions, improve their mood and the life quality. At the same time it will provide the experience and theoretical basis for the community psychological nursing.Methods:Form December 2013 to October 2014, according to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, we investigated the community empty-nest elderly, and carried out the intervention.(1) The 200 empty-nest elderly were selected from five community health service centers as respondents by using multistage stratified simple random sampling method in Nanchang. Through the questionnaire survey to understand their general situation(age, sex, occupation, educational level, income, marital status, etc.), health state(disease, medication adherence, past medical history, etc.), habits and activities(ADL, smoking, drinking, exercise, etc.), and emotional status(anxiety and depressive symptoms).(2) We assessed the emotional status of the empty-nest elderly, made and implemented multidimensional psychological nursing intervention, which had a total of 12 times per week and lasted 3 months for 30 old people who had negative emotions(SAS≧50 or GDS > 10) from the 200 empty-nest elderly, it contained psychological conversation counseling, interest therapy, telephone follow-up, health education and social support, and evaluated the effect by filling in SAS and GDS again.(3)Statistic method: all the data was analyzed and dealt with by SPSS 20.0.Measurement data was described by means±standard deviation, enumeration data wasdescribed by frequency and percentages. With chi-square test, correlation analysis and logistics regression, we evaluated the influence factors of emotional status of community empty-nest elderly. The intervention effect was evaluated by matched t-test and chi-square test.Results:(1)Emotional status of the community empty-nest elderly The negative emotions positive rate of community Empty-nest elderly in Nan Chang was 15.0%, and the depression rate was 14.0%, the anxiety rate was 3.5%.With chi-square test, correlation analysis and logistics regression, we found the main influence factors of the community empty-nest elderly with anxiety included:frequency of children visit, religion and self-care ability, as well as the main influence factors of depression was, living situation, frequency of children visit and exercise.(2)Multidimensional psychological nursing intervention Multidimensional psychological nursing intervention had a significant effect of dispelling their negative emotions. The results showed that SAS index score of the intervention group dropped from(43.20±8.43) to(37.90±5.22), as well as GDS score from(13.67±3.85) to(7.40±3.16), which had decreased significantly(t SAS=6.467,PSAS=0.000;t GDS=9.854,PGDS=0.000). The dispelling of anxiety symptoms displayed that the elderly eased tension, felt not upset and weak, reduced dizziness spells and improved sleep quality; and the improving of depression symptoms displayed that they participated in activities, cultivated interests, had hope of the future, felt not empty, downhearted and blue, had no longer worry about the past and mind was clear.Conclusion:(1) Emotional status of the community empty-nest elderly in Nan Chang was not good, and depression rate was higher than the rate of anxiety significantly. Main influencing factors was the frequency of children visit, living situation, physical exercise, religion and self-care ability.(2) The multidimensional psychological nursing intervention effect was good,which could relieve negative emotions of the empty-nest elderly.(3) Establishment of the multidimensional psychological nursing intervention could provide theoretical basis for development of the community geriatric mental health service. |
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