Analysis The Contribution Of Change In Death Rate Of Different Resident And Death Cause To The Increase Of Life Expectancy In China

ObjectiveTo compare differences in life expectancy (LE) of Chinese residents in different ages, and study the effect of different age, sex, rural/urban residence, death cause and mortality to life expectancy, based on using data from the First National Mortality Survey of China in1973-1975and two national retrospective sampling surveys on causes of death in1990-1992,2004-2005, respectively.MethodsApply model life table to make under-reporting adjustments of mortality in age group, use Chiang life table to calculate life expectancy, also, make use of Arriaga method to explore the contribution of mortality in different age and sex to life expectancy of overall population and mortality of key diseases to life expectancy lifing for different populations.Results1China’s life expectancy in different periodsDuring1973to2005, life expectancy in China has lifted by11.16years, increasing from61.96years to73.12years. Female life expectancy has risen from62.96years (1973) to75.72years (2005) while male life expectancy was61.01years and70.82years in the same year. There was also a widening gap in life expectancy between men and women, which was1.95years in1973and up to4.90years in2005.2The contribution of change in mortality of different age groups to the increase in life expectancyThe largest contribution occured in0-age group, followed by1-age group, which contributed3.963years old (35.51%) and2.449years (21.94%). People older than40years contributed3.039(26.22%).The infant group came in the first place after contributing3.963years (35.51%) which followed by the group between I and2years of age which was2.449years (21.94%). The over40groups contributed3.039years (26.22%).3The contribution of change in mortality of key diseases to increasing life expectancy.Major diseases which contributed positively in the change in mortality included respiratory diseases, infectious diseases, injury andperinatal diseases, the contributionis1.573years,0.440years,0.421years,0.356years, and0.493years respectively. Diseases contributed negatively included cerebrovascular disease, cancer, endocrine, nutrition and metabolic diseases from1990to2005.In the exploration of the identical category of disease in classification of disease, Disease mortality change which contribute positive include infectious disease and digestive diseases,the contribution is1.496, and1.379respectively. Diseases contribute negative include cerebrovascular disease and cancer from1973to2005, the contribution are-0.365, and-0.278respectively.4. The contribution of change in mortality of key diseases of different age group to increasing life expectancyDuring1990to2005, The largest contribution of infectious diseases occured in1-age group, which contributed0.050years old. The most of negative contribution of cancer occured in older than70-age group.the major diseases are liver cancer and lung cancer. The most of negative contribution of endocrine, nutrition and metabolic diseases occured in older than80-age group,the negative contribution for femal is much more than male. The most of negative contribution of heart diseases occured in older than60-age group. The most of negative contribution of cerebrovascular disease occured in older than70-age group. The negative contribution of injury for male occured in30-to50-age groups.During1973to2005, The largest contribution of infectious diseases occured in1-ge group. The most of negative contribution of cancer occured in older than40-age group. The most of negative contribution of cerebrovascular diseases occured in older than30-age group5. The contribution of change in mortality of key dieases to the increase in life expectancy indifferent age groups.For less than4years group, change in mortality of diseases which contributed positively including respiratory diseases, infectious diseases, injury and perinatal diseases. Injury was the most important cause to5to14age aroup. For15to39years group, change in mortality of diseases which contributed positively including infectious diseases, respiratory diseases and cancer, while injury was the main causecontributing negatively. For40to64years group, change in mortality of disease which contributed positively including respiratory diseases, infectious diseases, digestive diseases and cancer, while cerebrovascular disease and injury were the main cause contributing negatively. Forover65years,change in mortality of diseasess which contributed positively included respiratory diseases, infectious diseases, and digestive diseases, while cerebrovascular disease, heart disease and cancer were the main cause contributing negatively.ConclusionsLife expectancy in China was improving rapidly in recentdecades, the change in mortality of most diseases has made a positive contribution to life expectancy. Moreover, what is needed is to focus on prevention and control of cancer, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, endocrine and nutritional and metabolic chronic diseases in Chinese residents, especially over40years group should be paid close attention and performed intervention, meanwhile, it is necessary to pay attention to prevent injuries amongthe young and the middle aged.