Clinical Investigation Of Children’s Unintentional Injury In Shanghai

BackgroundUnintentional injury has become the greatest killer to children’s lives and health.The particularity of children’s physiological and psychlolgical development、 external environment and the difference of children’s caregivers are the reasons why accident injury in children at high risk.Most domestic studies on children’s unintentional injury are quantitative researches,which can’t explore the deep-seated reasons for children unintentional injury,as well,not to provide substantial help for the chilren’s unintentional injury prevention and treatment.ObjectiveTo analysis the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of children’s unintentional injuries;to explore the deep-seated reasons in children’s unintentional injury by qualitative research;to develop scientific and practical children safety manual to prevent children’s unintentional injury.MethodsQuantitative research and phenomenological method of qualitative research are used in this research.1189 children who was treated in Pediatric Hospital of Fudan University aged from 0-18years old were investigated from November 2012 to May 2013, including age,gender and what’s happening in this injury;purpose sampling method was used tochoose heads of department、head nurse and the parents of injured children.Semi-structured interviews after informed consent,15 people were interviewed until to the data saturation to find out the deepest reason of children’s unintentional injury.At last, the Haddon model as theoretical framework to develop the children’s safety manual based on Quantitative research and qualitative research.Results1、Among 1189 cases of children’s unintentional injury,the incidence rate of boy is 776(65.3%) and girl is413(34.7%);Fall took the leading type of incidence, account for 51.98%,the second type is collision injury(14.97%)and the third is transport-related injury(11.27%).most of unintentional injury were occurred in home; preschool children is in higher risk; injured areas including head、arms and legs、face and the whole body compound injury; most unintentional injuries occurred at noon(11am-2pm).2、Difference in gender、age、time、caregivers、environment and activities were significant statistically (p<0.05).3、The deep-seated reasons for children unintentional injury are as fellow:children caregivers were safety consciousness, including children caregivers had no time to supervise、Children’s caregivers for safety education intellectual curiosity and the rate of safety facility utilization were both low; the economic level and children’s security environment were not match, including community environment and road environment; the social value degree is not high.4、The Haddon model as theoretical framework to develop the children’s safety manual based on Quantitative research and qualitative research. The highest incidence and the most harmful three types of unintentional injuries were chosen to summarize the phase-factor matrix、prevention and treatment.Conclusion1、Fully grasp the current situation of children’s unintentional injury, understand the deep-seated reason for children’s unintentional injury, effective preventive and emergency measures was to reduce children’s unintentional injury and reduce the accident damage degree.2、The children safety manual subjects to hospital、community、kindergarten and school to pilot application.