Determination And Clinical Significance Of Trace Elements And Adipose Factors In Abnormal Glucose And Lipid Metabolism Patients

In recent years, the research on glucose and lipid regulation has gradually focused on the central system. Simultaneously, the relationship between trace elements and glucolipid metabolism have attracted more and more attention. Therefore, in this thesis, the levels of NSF-1, LEP, ADP and trace elements including Zn, Cu, Fe, Cr, Se were determined in diabetes, hyperlipemia, diabetes mellitus associated with hyperlipemia and healthy people. Their roles in glucose and lipid metabolism were clarified, so as to provide some experimental basis for the dietary management and prevention of lipid and glucose disorders. Part one Determination and clinical significance of serum trace elementsin abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism patients.Objective: To analyze the levels changes of serum trace elements including Zn, Cu, Fe, Cr and Se in patients with abnormal glucose or lipid metabolism, and provide some theoretical basis for preventing metabolic syndrome related diseases.Methods: One hundred and sixty-four cases of examination personnel taken physical exam were enrolled in this study. All the cases were divided into four groups: healthy control(N) group, diabetes(DM) group, hyperlipemia(HH) group and diabetes with hyperlipidemia(DH)group. Gender and age were recorded, height and weight were measured, body mass were indexed. Levels of serum trace elements including Zn、Cu、Fe、 Cr and Se were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The relationship between these five trace elements and BMI, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, FBG was analyzed.Results:1 Comparison of serum trace elements levelsSerum zinc levels in DM group, DH group, HH group were significantly lower than that in N group(P<0.05), and levels in DH group were significantly lower than that in DM group and HH group(P <0.05).Serum copper levels in DH group and HH group were significantly higher than that in N group(P<0.05), and the levels in DH group was significantly higher than that in DM group(P<0.05). But there were no statistical differences between DM group and N group, or between DH group and HH group(P >0.05).Serum iron levels in DM group, DH group and HH group were higher than that in N group, but there were no significant difference(P > 0.05).Serum chromium levels in DM group, DH group, HH group were significantly lower than that in N group(P <0.05), and the levels in DH group were significantly lower than that in DM group and HH group(P <0.05).Serum selenium levels in DM group, DH group and HH group were lower than that in N group(P<0.05), and the level in DH group was significantly lower than that in DM group(P <0.05).2 Correlation analysis showedFBG was in significantly negative correlation with Cr, Zn and Se.(r =-0.403,-0.323,-0.279, P <0.05).TC was in obviously negative correlation with Cr(r =-0.219, P <0.05), and it was in positive correlation with Cu(r=0.237, P <0.05).TG was in significantly negative correlation with Cr, Zn and Se.(r =-0.444,-0.304,-0.508, P <0.05). LDL-C was in obviously negative correlation with Cr and Zn(r=-0.236,-0.297, P<0.05).HDL-C was in significantly negative correlation with Zn and Se(r=0.578, 0.309, P <0.05).3 Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showedIndependent influencing factors for FBG were Cr, Se and age. Standard regression coefficients were Cr:-0.399(P=0.000), selenium(P=0.002):-0.341, age: 0.248(P=0.014).Independent influencing factor for TC was Cu. Standard regression coefficient was Cu. 0.340(P=0.008).Independent influencing factors for TG were BMI, Se and Cr. Standard regression coefficients were Cr:-0.304(P=0.004), selenium(P=0.001):-0.375, BMI:0.270(P=0.014).Conclusions:1 Serum trace elements Cr, Cu, Zn and Se were closely related to glucose and lipid metabolism. In diabetes mellitus, The serum levels of Cr, Zn and Se were significantly reduced. In hyperlipemia, The serum levels of Cr, Zn and Se were reduced and Cu was significantly increased. Abnormal metabolism of merger accelerated the lack of trace elements.2 Cu was a relative risk factor for TC. Cr and Se were relative protection factors for TG and FBG.3 Serum trace elements Se and Zn were closely related to HDL, which may be related to their antioxidant effects. Part two Determination and clinical significance of adipose factors inabnormal glucose or lipid metabolism patientsObjective: To determine concentrations of NSF-1, LEP and ADP, and explore their relationship with glucose or lipid metabolism. To clarify their roles in metabolic syndrome related diseases, and provide some new ideas for preventing and treating metabolic syndrome related diseases.Methods: One hundred and sixty-four cases of outpatient and medical personnel were enrolled in this study. All the cases were divided into four groups: healthy control(N) group, diabetes(DM) group, hyperlipemia(HH) group and diabetes with hyperlipidemia(DH) group. Gender and age were recorded, height and weight were measured, body mass were indexed.NSF-1, LEP and ADP concentrations were determined by ELISA. Relationship between these three concentrations and BMI, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, FBG was analyzed.Results:1 Comparison of serum NSF-1, ADP, LEP levelsSerum NSF-1 levels: levels in N group were significantly lower than those in DM group, DH group or HH group(P<0.05). Levels in DM group or HH group were significantly lower than those in DH group(P<0.05).Serum LEP levels: levels in N group were significantly lower than levels in DH group and HH group(P<0.05). There were no statistical differences between DM group and N group(P>0.05). Levels in DH group were significantly higher than those in DM group(P<0.05). There were no statistical differences between HH group and DH group(P>0.05).Serum ADP levels: levels in N group were significantly higher than those in DM group, DH group or HH group(P<0.05). Levels in DM group or HH group were significantly higher than those in DH group(P<0.05).2 Correlation analysisLEP was positively correlated with waist circumference, BMI, TG, TC and LDL-C.(r=0.234, 0.316, 0.372, 0.392, 0.338, P<0.05). ADP was negatively correlated with waist circumference, BMI, TG, TC and LDL-C.(r=-0.434,-0.398,-0.476,-0.504,-0.242, P<0.05), and positively correlated with HDL-C(r= 0.470, P<0.05). NSF-1 was positively correlated with WC, BMI, FBG, TG, TC and LDL-C.(r= 0.457, 0.406, 0.418, 0.310, 0.235, 0.251, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with HDL-C(r=-0.318, P<0.05).NSF-1 was significantly negatively correlated with ADP(r=-0.656, P<0.05).3 Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showedIndependent influencing factors for FBG were ADP, NSF-1 and age. Standard regression coefficients were ADP:-0.517(P=0.000), NSF-1: 0.257(P=0.024), age: 0.292(P=0.001).Independent influencing factors for TC were LEP, NSF-1 and age. Standard regression coefficients were LEP: 0.421(P=0.000), NSF-1: 0.301(P=0.006), age: 0.363(P=0.001).Independent influencing factors for TG were ADP and BMI. Standard regression coefficients were ADP:-0.534(P=0.000), BMI: 0.301(P=0.005).Conclusions:1 the level of NSF-1 and ADP were directly or indirectly correlated with glucose and lipid metabolism. But LEP was mainly correlated with lipid metabolism, it played a certain role in occurrence and development of hyperlipidemia.2 NSF-1 was negatively correlated with ADP. But its correlation with LEP was not found. This suggests that the mechanism of NSF-1 may not involve the LEP system. It needs to be further discussed whether the intersection of NSF-1 and ADP mechanisms exists.3 ADP was a protection factor for FBG and TG. NSF-1 was a risk factor for FBG and TC. LEP was a risk factor for TC.