The Effect Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome On Body Fat Volume And Distribution In Non-obese Children

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS)on the body fat volume of the normal weight children, provide the basis for earlyscreening and actively intervention to the obese children.MethodsConsecutive snoring children (ages3-7years) were recruited from ShanghaiChildren s Medical Center as the case group, and the non-snoring healthy children asthe control group. Both of the2groups underwent the overnight polysomnography(PSG) and assay to test the composition of the body. The case group was divided into3subgroups according to the Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI): Primary snoringsubgroup (AHI<5T/h), mild OSAHS subgroup (5≤AHI<10T/h) andmoderate-severe OSAHS subgroup (AHI≥10T/h). To analyze the relation betweenthe sleep architectures, sleep arousal parameters and the composition of the body ofthe three subgroups of the case group and the control group. Study the relationbetween sleep architecture, arousal parameters and the composition of the body bymultiple linear regression analysis.ResultsThere were121cases recruited into the case group (male70cases,57.9%). Primarysnoring subgroup was33cases, mild OSAHS subgroup was28cases andmoderate-severe subgroup was30cases. The control group was30cases. The3subgroups of the case group were no different with regards to their age, gender andBMI z score (P>0.05).①There was significant difference of AHI, ObstructiveApnea Index(OAI), nadir SpO2and Respiratory Arousal Index (RAI), SpontaneousArousal Index(SAI), Sleep Pressure Score(SPS) in the control group and3subgroupsof the case group.②There was no statistically difference of Fat free mass, Protein,Skeletal muscle, Resting metabolic rate, Visceral fat area，Arm circumference andWaist hip ratio in the control group and3subgroups of the case group. There wassignificant difference of the Body fat volume and the percentage of the Body fat in thecontrol group and the3subgroups of the case group, and the moderate-severe sub group was the highest.③The multiple linear regression analysis indicated that apositive correlation between the body fat volume and the SPS (r=0.641), and had norelation with the AHI, OAI and nadir SpO2.ConclusionsOSAHS maybe associated with the increased of the body fat volume in the normalweight children， and appears to correlate with the sleep fragmentation, not theintermittent hypopnea. Introducing SPS interpretation in PSG scoring of normalweight OSAHS children and make early intervention to prevent the concurrency ofobesity.