| The incidence of gallstones increased by years in the past several decades and theformation mechanism and therapies of it has attracted a vast interest of researchers inmedicine and other fields. The effect of triglyceride on the formation mechanism ofgallstone has been studied in the article through the selection of the low toxicity solvents,which could provide a reference to clinical treatments.In the study of in vitro simulation of gallstones ordered structures, the influence oftriglyceride as well as its co-effect with protein and lecithin on the ordered structures ofMn+-NaDC（sodium deoxycholate）gel-systems was investigated. The morphology of theprecipitations were observed by using the Scanner, Stereo-microscope and SEM, whilethe microstructure characterization was monitored by FTIR. Litholysis has been wellknown as one of the effective ways to cure gallstones. In this research we studied the invitro dissolution experiments of gallstones which abtained from clinical operations withlitholysis rate taken as the preferred indicator. FTIR spectra and SEM images were alsoobserved to characterize the microstructures and micro-morphology of gallstones beforeand after dissolution, EDS was applied to analysis the content of chemical elements onthe gallstones surface.The study shows:(1) GTO has different effects on the ordered structures depend onvarious Mn+-NaDC gel-systems: High concentration of GTO in GTO-Ca2+-NaDCgel-system could inhibit the growth of precipitates in its early stage; High concentrationof GTO in GTO-Cu2+-NaDC gel systems could promote generating blue precipitates andtransfer the precipitates from chaotic state to grainy; The addition of GTO can inhibit thegrowth of pink precipitates in GTO-Co2+-NaDC gel system while promote the formationof liesgang ring in GTO-Ni2+-NaDC gel system.(2) Comprehensive influences of GTO,BA and EYL on to Mn+-NaDC gel-systems: promote the formation of grainy precipitateand liesgang ring in GTO-BA-EYL-Cu2+-NaDC gel systems andGTO-BA-EYL-Ni2+-NaDC gel systems; promote the formation of flower-like andflower-branch-like precipitates in GTO-BA-EYL-Ca2+-NaDC gel systems andGTO-BA-EYL-Co2+-NaDC gel systems; High concentration of BA can promote theformation of liesgang ring in various gel-systems, while GTO and EYL have differentinfluences to the different fractal precipitations in different gel-systems.(3) SEM images of precipitations show that the addition of GTO, BA and EYL can affect the orderedstructures of precipitations by changing length-width ratio and directivity of crystalmorphology. FTIR pectra show that GTO and EYL could participate in the formation ofprecipitations when they are of high concentration, the precipitates are mixed complexwith multi-ligand components, and it has feature of non-stoichiometry.The selection of better litholytic compounds by systematic experiments:(1) mixedlitholytic compound of deep-sea fish oil and lecithin have the better dissolving effect witha litholytic rate of98.30%;(2) Mixed litholytic compound of ethyl propionate anddimethyl sulfoxide shows better litholytic rate than single solvent, and the highestlitholytic rate to mixed gallstones is of81.01%;(3) the investment of synergistic effect ofendothelium corneum gigeriae galli in herbal during dissolving process shows animproved litholytic rate. SEM images and FTIR spectra of gallstones which obtainedbefore and after experiments respectively indicate that the first set of mixture solvents hasa good dissolving effect on both gallstones and matrix while the third set of mixturesolvent show a dissolubility of both shell and inner liner. Considering the litholytic rateand side effect of solvent, the mixed litholytic compound of deep-sea fish oil and lecithinwas the best solvent.In vitro simulation of ordered structures of gallstones and screening of litholyticcompounds have a great significance on the functional study of bionic materials and thereveal of gallstones formation mechanism and clinical treatment of gallstones. |
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