| Xue-San-Qi, the rhizomes of Polygonum amplexicaule D.Don var.sinense, distribute in Shanxi, Hubei, Hu’nan, Sichuan and Yunnan Province. It is a common traditional medicine for Miao and Tujia Nationalities, with puckery and a little bitter taste, mild na-ture and slight toxicity. It can invigorate the circulation of blood and relax tendons, pro-mote the circulation of qi and relief pain, inhibit bacteria and diminish inflammation, stop bleeding and promote tissue regeneration, astringe to arrest diarrhea. Hence, it is widely used for treatment of injuries from falls, flesh wound hemorrhage, internal lesion caused by overexertion, bacillary dysentery and gastroenteritis. In recent years, clinical researches have showed that Polygonum amplexicaule var. sinese can treat cerebral athe-rosclerosis effectively. However, there are few researches on its chemical constituents. In order to elucidate its active constituents and mechanism of action, we initiated the chem-ical study on the rhizomes of Polygonum amplexicaule var. sinese, and 19 compounds were isolated and identified from ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions of these rhizomes’ ethanol extracts, includingβ-sitosterin (PA-1), daucosterol (PA-2), querce-tin-3-O-a-D-arabinopyranoside (PA-3), (+)-catechin (PA-4), gallic acid (PA-5),5,7,2’,5’-tetrahydroxy-(2R,3R)-flavan-3-ol (PA-6), phlorizin (PA-7), protocatechuic acid methyl ester (PA-8), methyl gallate (PA-9), lyoniresinol (PA-10), trans-ferulic acid (PA-11), protocatechuic acid (PA-12), methyl chlorogenate (PA-13), (-)-catechin (PA-14), (-)-epi-catechin-3-O-gallate (PA-15), (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (PA-16), n-butyl chloro-genate (PA-17), naringin (PA-18), and catechin-(7,8-bc)-4β-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-dihydro-2(3H)-pyranone (PA-20). All compounds were isolated from this species for the first time except PA-1, and PA-3, PA-4, PA-6, PA-13-PA-17, PA-19 were obtained from the genus for the first time.ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorption Capacity) assay was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant capacities of fractions and compounds PA-3-PA-13. Results showed that all compounds had remarkable antioxidant abilities except PA-9. Fraction II Bu and V had better performances in ORAC, comparing to other fractions.Plant endophytic fungi which live in plant tissues but cannot cause diseases to the host plant. The fungal genus Trichoderma distributes widely or even ubiquitously in na-ture. Because of the diversity of their secondary metabolites, many strains have received considerable attention as biocontrol agents. It is reported that Trichoderma gamsii can inhibit the growth of some microbes. Thus, an endophytic fugus Trichoderma gamsii de-rived from notogingseng were selected, and the chemical constitutes in its fermented rice substrate were studied. As a result,9 compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate ex-tracts of the solid leavening of Trichoderma gamsii by various chromatographic methods. Based on spectral analysis (’H-NMR,13C-NMR, COSY, HMBC, HSQC, NOESY, ESI), their structures were elucidated as trichoquinolone A (TG-1), trichoquinolone B (TG-2), trichochalasin A (TG-3), N-benzoyl-S*-phenylalaninyl-N-benzoyl-S*-P-methoxy-phenylalaninate (TG-4), N-benzoyl-S*-phenylalaninyl-N-benzoyl-.S*-phenylalaninate (TG-5), F14945-D1 (TG-6), aspochalasins J(TG-7), (+)-(10E,15R)-10,11-dehydrocurvularin(TG-8), (+)-(15R)-12-oxocurvularin (TG-9)。Compounds TG-1~TG-4 are novel compounds, and the carbon skeleton of compounds TG-1 and TG-2 is reported for the first time. |
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