The Research On Seed Rain, Soil Seed Bank And Seeding Of Main Types Of Oak Forest In Baotianman Natural Reserve

ABSTRACT Baotianman Nature Reserve is the dividing line of north subtropical and temperate climate, and is also the line of zoning animals Gubei and Oriental. Rich in ecosystems and species, its ecological status is very prominent. There are five ways of forest generation, seed rain, soil seed bank, seeding bank, sapling bank and sprout bank. This study is run in Baotianman Nature Reserve region. The objects of study are the forms of Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata, Quercus variabilis and Quercus glandulifera var.brevipetiolata. The species composition, seed rain, soil seed bank, seeding bank and the germination capacity of three oaks are analyzed. The research results are as follows:(1) The three oaks are distributed in different altitude. Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata is distributed in high altitude. Quercus variabilis is distributed in low altitude. Between them there are transition forest of Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata, Quercus variabilis and Quercus glandulifera var.brevipetiolata, which is dominated mainly by Quercus glandulifera var.brevipetiolata. In this paper, the plots of Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata are at an altitude of about 1400m, the plots of Quercus variabilis are at an altitude of about 1000m, the plots of Quercus glandulifera var.brevipetiolata are at an altitude of about 1200m.(2) From the species composition, we find that the numbers of 8 plots are 173 in RCL-1,187 in RCL-2,123 in RCL-3,73 in SPL-1,94 in SPL-2,80 in DBB-1,103 in DBB-2 and 115 in DBB-3. The dominant species important value are 46.73,45.50,49.74,44.10,40.64,57.36, 68.52 and 38.92.(3) In this study,4444 seeds are sorted. The number of the sound is 1527, accounted for 34.36% of tatal; the number of the insect damaged is 534, accounted for 12.02% of tatal; the number of the abort is 928, accounted for 20.88% of tatal; the number of the cup is 1455, accounted for 32.74% of tatal.1827 seeds of Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata are sorted. The number of the sound is 593, accounted for 32.4% of tatal; the number of the insect damaged is 274, accounted for 14.9% of tatal; the number of the abort is 441, accounted for 24.1% of tatal; the number of the cup is 519, accounted for 28.4% of tatal. 174 seeds of Quercus variabilis are sorted. The number of the sound is 54, accounted for 31.0% of tatal; the number of the insect damaged is 36, accounted for 20.7% of tatal; the number of the abort is 36, accounted for 20.7% of tatal; the number of the cup is 48, accounted for 27.6% of tatal.2443 seeds of Quercus glandulifera var.brevipetiolata are sorted. The number of the sound is 880, accounted for 36.0% of tatal; the number of the insect damaged is 224, accounted for 9.2% of tatal; the number of the abort is 451, accounted for 18.5% of tatal; the number of the cup is 888, accounted for 36.3% of tatal. To different species, we find that the metaphase of the seed rain intensity of Quercus variabilis is higher than the prophase and the anaphase. The prophase of the seed rain intensity of Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata and Quercus glandulifera var.brevipetiolata are higher than the metaphase and the metaphase are higher than the anaphase. The seeds of Quercus glandulifera vzr.brevipetiolata are more than the Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata, and the Quercus variabilis are the least of the three species.(4) To the Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata and Quercus glandulifera var.brevipetiolata, almost all of the seeds in the seed rain distribute on the litter layer, and there are a few seeds entering the 0-2cm soil layer, and there is no seed beneath 2cm soil layer. There are a few seeds of Quercus variabilis found on the litter layer. The difference of the seed rain and soil seed bank of three oaks is significant, but the consumption by vertebrates of the three are similitude. It prove that the main factor affecting is the consumption by vertebrates.(5) Compared with the downslope, midslope and topslope, we find that the seedlings of downslope are more than the midslope in the plots of Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata and the seedling of topslope are more than the midslope in the plots of Quercus glandulifera var.brevipetiolata. There are only two seedling sprouts in the plots of Quercus variabilis. Follow-up investigation show that the seedling livability of the three plots of Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata are 36.36%,20:51% and 50.00%; the Quercus variabilis are both 100%; the Quercus glandulifera var. brevipetiolata are 7.32%,31.58% and 3.70%. The reason of the significant differences of the three plots of Quercus glandulifera var.brevipetiolata is because of animal movement.(6) The seeds of the three oaks have a good condition with high activity. The germination rate of them is 100%. We find that the insect damaged ones also have the capacity of germination.