Study On Cultivated Ginseng In The Farmland And Cultivated Ginseng In The Cutting Forests Soil Major Nutrients, Enzyme Activity And Microbial Community

Soil is the basis for the growth of ginseng, providing water and nutrients for ginseng, The nutrient contents of soil directly affect the yield and quality of ginseng root. Soil enzyme activity and microbial community dynamics are key indicators to characterize soil fertility. This article analyzed soil major nutrients, enzyme activity and microbial community structure of cultivated ginseng in the farmland and cultivated ginseng in the cutting forests, to understand two patterns of ginseng production the tendency of soil major nutrients, enzyme activity and microbial community, Accurate evaluation of soil fertility and provide the basis for farmland soil improvement.1. Using agro-chemistry method analysis soil main nutrients of cultivated ginseng in the farmland and cultivated ginseng in the cutting forests, results indicate that:soil major nutrients and pH,EC were different and except total K, nutrient content was higher in the cutting forests soil than in the farmland. The content of EC,organic matter, total N, ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen,total P and available P of cultivated ginseng in the farmland and cultivated ginseng in the cutting forests were basically surface is highest, then root soil, under soil is least. With the ginseng age increased in the farmland soil organic matter and available P were both decreased, Total P and ammonium N showed tendency as inverse letter V; Other have no major changes with ginseng planting years increased. With the ginseng age increased the contents of pH was decreased in the cutting forests soil, K had little change. In the cutting forests soil, total N, total P and available P contents showed tendency as inverse letter V; Other have no major changes with ginseng planting years increased. Soil pH changes are in the range of suitable ginseng growth..2. By analyzed the soil enzyme, we found that:enzyme activity were different of cultivated ginseng in the farmland and cultivated ginseng in the cutting forests, and the same ginseng soil enzyme in the cutting forests is higher than the farmland. The enzyme activity in the farmland and cutting forests were basically surface is highest, then root soil, under soil is least. And contras soil is lower than cultivated ginseng soil. Root layer of farmland soil in flowering period urease activity 4-year-old reached highest, is 1.70 mg/g·d-1, Red fruit period urease was gradually decreased,3-year-old reached highest, is 2.24mg/g·d-1, Soil catalase activity, in flowering period showed little change with ginseng growth in the farmland, Red fruit period,4-year-old reached highest, is 2.20 ml/g-20min-1.Soil invertase activity showed the same trend in flowering and red fruit period, both were gradually decreased, the enzyme activity 3-year-old reached highest,were20.29 mg/g·d-1and 25.55 mg/g·d-1; Phosphatase activity, both 3-year-old reached highest,were5.97 mg/g·d-1 and 6.26 mg/g·d-1.3. Root layer of soil in flowering period urease and catalase activity both were gradually decreased with ginseng planting years increased in cutting forests, the enzyme activity 2-year-old reached highest werel.93 mg/g·d-1 and 3.17 ml/g.20min-1. Red fruit period with the ginseng age increased, the enzyme activity both 3-year-old reached highest, were 3.00 mg/g·d-1 and 3.75 ml/g.20min-1. Soil invertase activity showed the same trend in flowering and red fruit period, the enzyme activity both 3-year-old reached highest were 28.95 mg/g·d-1 and 39.04 mg/g·d-1; Phosphatase activity as ginseng years added in flowering period, the enzyme activity 3-year-old reached highest were 8.13 mg/g·d-1,Red fruit period was gradually increased with ginseng years extending the enzyme activity 4-year-old reached highest was 8.13 mg/g·d-1; Comprehensive comparison of the two types of cultivated ginseng model, in addition to individual soil, In red fruit period the same enzyme in the same year were higher than the flowering period.4. Diversity and quantity microbial community of the root soil have a great changes with ginseng planting years increased, highest in the fifth years soil, microbial community in the fifth years soil had little difference with in the fourth years, but significantly different with in the third years and ck soil. Principal component in the fifth years soil were significantly different from other soil.Ginseng soil enzyme activities and microbial community are indicators of soil conditions, combined with organic matter and NPK and soil pH, EC value to evaluate the soil fertility· condition. Soil major nutrient, enzyme activity and microbial community dynamics are cultivated ginseng in the farmland soil improvement should consider factors.