Study On Different Forest Types Hydrological Effect In Northern Hebei Mountain

Northern Hebei mountain is located in the transition zone, the environment is more complex, between the semi- arid areas of sub-humid areas, their resistance is relatively low, fragile ecosystems, and land degradation in soil and water in recent decades Loss growing. Northern Hebei mountain forest ecological environment in the region has an important role, especially its ability to conserve forest ecosystems water and soil conservation are litter layer and improve the ecological environment in the region an indispensable part of forest ecosystems soil layer is an important guarantee water conservation function of forest ecosystems and soil and water conservation features implemented, has important practical significance. In this paper, four kinds of forest types of the mountainous northern Hebei Province as the research object, the research area set deciduous pine, Chinese pine, broad-leaved and mixed conifer forest types of the standard three kinds of ground, and these four kinds of forest types of litter Hydrological Effects of soil layer and layer study, the following conclusions:(1) Litter biomass mountainous northern Hebei different kinds of forest stand types: pine oil(11.69 t / hm2)> larch forest(10.49 t / hm2)> conifer(10.33 t / hm2)> broad-leaved(9.77 t / hm2), where in the lower oil Korean pine litter biomass largest Korean pine litter and mixed conifer forest litter under fallen leaves in the middle position, and broad-leaved is minimal; and 4 Stands Litter largest holding the size of the water is: broad-leaved(27.7 t / hm2) >coniferous forest(23.9 t / hm2)> oil pine(21.9 t / hm2)> larch forest(16.3 t / hm2), where broad-leaved litter maximum water holding capacity of the largest coniferous forest and oil pine Litters maximum water holding capacity, followed by the maximum water holding capacity of larch forest litter minimum; effective amount of the different forests storing litter is: broad-leaved(21.54 t / hm2) >conifer(19.60 t / hm2)> pine oil(17.68 t / hm2)> larch forest(12.16 t / hm2); time to half-decomposed layer 4 Stands of litter layer and the non-decomposed layer and soaked in water there is a certain relationship: Q = aln(t) + b; in Litter amount of water absorption process is different, in the early hours of this period 0.5-1 absorbent is the fastest, but at 10 h after absorbing three kinds of litter stands basically reached saturation state, at 24 h, when each stands basically stopped absorbent litter; three kinds of stand types in terms of the rate of water absorption is more there is a pattern in the early days of flooding 0.5 ~ 1h, litter maximum water absorption rate After a sharp decline in water absorption rate, at around 6h decline has slowed noticeably, with the immersion time, litter water absorption rate to converge.(2) Soil Physical Properties of different kinds of forest types in average soil bulk density range of variation is 1.07-1.36 g/cm3, which broad-leaved minimum density, maximum density larch; the total soil porosity size: broad-leaved(56.55%) >conifer(54.04%)> pine oil(49.16%)> larch forest(42.34%), where soil porosity biggest broad-leaved, conifer and pine oil, followed by a minimum larch forest soil porosity; each stand type Mean maximum water holding capacity of soil in the order of: broad-leaved(1169.7 t / hm2) >conifer(1080.8 t / hm2)> oil pine(983.2 t / hm2)> larch forest(846.8 t / hm2); each stand type of soil capillary porosity Mean order: broad-leaved(48.67%)>mixed conifer(44.03%)> pine oil(44.61%)> larch forest(37.56%); different kinds of forest types of soil available water-holding capacity of the order: mixed conifer(160.2 t / hm2) >broad-leaved(149.8 t / hm2)> oil pine(99.0 t / hm2)> larch forest(95.6 t / hm2). The initial permeability of different kinds of forest types of soil vary, the range of variation of 17.9 mm / min-24.6 mm / min, in which the initial permeability biggest conifer, pine forest and broad-leaved in the initial penetration, followed by leaves Pinewood minimum initial permeability, the average size of the order of permeability conifer(24.6 mm / min)> broad-leaved(23.8 mm / min)> larch forest(20.6 mm / min)> oil pine(17.9 mm / min).