| Semi-arid region of the Loess Plateau in China plays an important role in agricultural production in rainfed.Development of agriculture in the region to become one of the important catchment technical approach. Root-zone water micro-collecting planting pattern technology to improve dryland crop yields by improving soil moisture environment.In order to make full use of precipitation, increase crop water use efficiency,this research set up three kinds of mulching plastic film- film mulching on ridge and planting in side of film mulching(FS),flat planting with full film mulching(FM),full film mulching on double ridges and planting in catchment furrows(FF) and flat planting without film mulching(CK) to find the effect of different fertilizer on different mulching planting patterns of Spring Maize on soil moisture, growth, yield and WUE.In order to consummate the root-zone Water micro-collecting planting pattern of maize in semi-arid region and complete the effect of water and fertilizer coupling, this study set up four levels of fertilization, namely high level(H:N 450 kg·hm-2、P2O5 225 kg·hm-2), middle level(M: N 300 kg·hm-2、P2O5 150 kg·hm-2), low level(L:N 150 kg·hm-2、P2O5 75 kg·hm-2), and taking no fertilization as the control, which were used to research the effect about the production, nutrients utilization rate and the fertilizer partial factor productivity of maize.The main conclusions are as follows:1.In the main growth stages of maize, soil moisture content of FS was higher than other treatments, 0~80 cm soil fertility period average moisture content, compared with the bare surface seeding can increase to 11.65%.The film mulching maize growth were better than CK, FF and FM performance a significant advantage in the growth period of plant height and dry matter accumulation, grain filling period is exposed increased 43.71% and 60.42% respectively in sowing(2013).In terms of yield, film mulching can increase 100 grain weight and grain number per spike. the order is FF>FM>FS>CK.Compared with CK, the yield of FF can increase by 20.69%, up to 15896.33 kg·hm-2, more than other membrane treatment, and can increase the yield of maize significantly.Compared the water use efficiency, the order of mulching plastic film is FF>FM>FS. During two years, compared with FS, FM increased by 4.29% and 13.31% respectively. Compared with FM, FF increased by 1.54% and 4.94 respectively. FF in the precipitation production efficiency advantages, Compared with CK, FF shows advantages in the precipitation production efficiency, increased by 22.70%. With comprehensive analysis, the FF is more suitable in the semi- arid area, which could keep rainwater and increase yield significantly.2.Through the analysis, the plant height in each period were in the order of H>M>L>CK, M and H were higher than CK, and can increase by 16.67% and 22.22%.In the flowering stage, compared with CK, the fertilization amount of dry matter accumulation increased from 51.84%~65.74%(2013). In the filling stage, compared with CK, H were increased by 15.69%(2012) and 47.25%(2013).From the analysis of yield point of view, the yield was higher than that of CK, the yield of H reached 13504 kg·hm-2, increased by 1.50% compared with M, M was 4.89% higher than L, the size of the order of H > M > L > CK. But with the increase of fertilizer, the index increased slow.With the increase of fertilizer nutrients, nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiency decreased, the decline of nitrogen decreased from 41.44% in 2012 to 55.69% in 2013. With comprehensive analysis, the M(N 300 kg·hm-2, P2O5 150 kg·hm-2) under the root domain planting pattern is more suitable. |
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