Growth Law And Cultivation Methods And Processing Methods Salvia

Cultivated S. miltiorrhiza Bunge. has become the main source of Danshen medicinal material, however the quality of cultivated S Danshen from different areas varies differently. The stable and controllable quality of Chinese medicinal materials is an important guarantee of the clinical curative effect. Therefore, controlling the quality of Chinese medicinal materials must grab from its source, the production of Chinese medicinal materials. The cultivation management and processing are two key links affecting the quality of cultivated Chinese medicine. Any kind of medicinal plant has its unique characteristics, growth and development characteristics, law of nutrition and fertilizer, and the quality of medicinal materials eventually form need unique original processing method. Therefore, this research takes the yield and quality as the core to carry out three aspects of system research around its influence factors:(1) Adopting dynamic sampling method, studying the growth and active ingredients accumulation of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge.;(2) The impact of planting pattern and density on the growth of S. miltiorrhiza Bunge. and yield and quality of Danshen;(3) The impact of origin processing methods on the quality of danshen. The main results were as follows:1. The growth rhythm and active ingredient accumulation pattern of S. miltiorrhiza.During the whole growth period, biomass accumulation of danshen root showed "slow-fast-slow" changing trend, dry discount rate showed "M" shape change.The same category active ingredients have a similar changing rule, maximum value of each component content and total contents appears from August to September, and the withered and yellow phase which is the traditional harvest time, the content of four active ingredients was all reduced to some extent, and increasing during the following year reviving period. Medicine production increases slightly when S. miltiorrhiza planting2years and harvesting in the withered and yellow phase compared with harvesting in the spring before bud, but most active ingredient content in Danshen root is much lower. Comprehensive considering medicinal material production and content of active ingredients, the harvest time of Danshen should be in the spring before bud.2. Planting pattern and density has great influence on the growth of S. miltiorrhiza. and yield of DanshenWhether bed-planting or conventional flat planting, density has a strong role in shaping S. miltiorrhiza. root morphology. As the density increases, S. miltiorrhiza. root length, root diameter, and root fresh weight showed a decreasing trend, the difference between high-density and low-density was significantly (p<0.05); density can significantly affect the root of the ratio of different sizes, with the density increases, the proportion of fine root increased, thick roots reduced, the difference between high density and low density was significantly (p<0.05). Comprehensive analysis, one of the best planting density of flat planting is16.7plants per square meter, than is the plants grown at30x20cm, for the bed-planting it is16.7plants per square meter, than is the plants grown at60×10cm.3. Different drying methods have great influence on the quality of DanshenFor the samples cutting into segments, the content of rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B drying in the shade and oven dry under low tcmperatrure(40-60℃) is higher than sun-drying, the content of crytotanshinone and tanshinone Ⅱ a in the Danshen sample drying in the shade is highest, oven dry method under different temperature has no significant (p>0.05) difference.For the integral samples, the content of crytotanshinone and tanshinone ⅡA in Danshen root drying in the shade is significant (p<0.05) higher than sun-drying, the content of rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B has no significant (p>0.05) difference. For the methods of sun-drying drying and drying in the shade, integral samples are better than samples cutting into segments. Therefore, comprehensive considering the content of active ingredients in salvia miltiorrhizae radix et rhizome,and processing costing etc., shade-drying or oven dry under low temperature (40-60℃) should be the most suitable original processing method.4. Fa-han has a certain influence on the quality of DanshenIn the process of fa-han, the content of rosmarinic acid and crytotanshinone, have no obvious change rule, no significant difference between different fa-han number of days. The content of salvianolic acid B is increased first and reduced after. Fa-han4d its content reach to the highest levels,it is4.83%. The content of tanshinone Ⅱ A decreased with time increase, fa-han for5d,6d,7d its content has no significant difference (p>0.05), and has significant difference (p<0.05) compared with1-4d., Compared with CK, fa-han for5-7d, the content of four kinds of active ingredients reduced in different degrees.5. Fesh-cut of Danshen in producing area is feasibleCutting when moisture content is36%-23%, fresh slice section almost dosen’t change color, after drying (40℃drying), slice exterior is level off, color off-white, close to slice of traditional cutting process.The result of content determination showed that4kinds of active ingredient content of fresh-cut slice when cutting at the moisture content of35.66%were significantly (p<0.05) higher than traditional cutting process. It is the same to the moisture content of23.23%excpt for crytotanshinone which has no significant(p>0.05) difference.Therefore fesh-cut of Danshen in producing area is feasible.