Rapid Assessment Of Internal Committed Effective Dose During Nuclear And Radiation Incident And Development Of The Relative Software

Purpose:Radioactive pollution from Fukushima nuclear accident caused widespreadconcerns in our country. Dose estimation is the most important part of medical treatmentand intervention during the early period of nuclear and radiation accidents. Most of thecurrent research softwares have limited number of radionuclides, rough dose conversionfactors, and imprecise estimation method. In this study, we based on the innerirradiation estimation model, literature review and data survey, to make a new software,including all potential radionuclides relevant to the nuclear diffusion after accidentsoccur. Through the simulation of this software, we can obtain quick access to theeffective dose of public and occupational inhalation and ingestion under differentconcentrations of pollution, which can provide dosimetry support for early medicaltreatment and intervention.Method:This study estimates the radionuclide intake of public and occupational staff byusing the formula of "IAEA-TECDOC-1162"and "Specification on estimation ofradionuclide intakes and internal dose irradiation (GB/T16148-2009)". Choose theconversion factors for the effective dose of public and occupational inhalation andingestion (accumulative effective dose per intake unit), basing on "International basicsafety standards for protection against ionizing radiation and for the safety of radiationsources "(IAEA safety series No.115) and the appendix tables B3, B6and B7of " Basicsafety standards for protection against ionizing radiation and for the safety of radiationsources"(GB18871-2002). The determination on the dose conversion factors needs theparameters of nuclear and radiation accidents. Given that in most cases those parametersare difficult to obtained in early accidents, our study refers to the reports of ICRP71,68,56and103for the default values of the relevant parameters, and a corresponding software is made by Visual Basic6.0IDRASNRI (Internal Dose Rapid AssessmentSoftware on Nuclear and Radiation Incidents).Result:This study discusses the dose estimation method of internal radiation and theselection of default values for the relevant parameters, and designs corresponding VBsoftware. The software covers hundreds of radionuclides from hydrogen-3tomendelevium-258, provides recommendation on different parameter values anddiscussion to different groups of people, and additionally makes simulation on threemost common elements in nuclear and radiation accidents.Conclusion:For the estimation on effective inhale dose, the advantages of this software are asfollowing comparing to the current softwares by the standard of IAEA-TECDOC-1162:(1) Choose different dose conversion coefficient for the same nuclide by differentinformation parameters, which makes estimation more accurate;(2) Consider different groups of people, respiration rates of different ages, which ismore practical;(3) Consider the physical half-life of radionuclides, and estimate the accumulativeconcentration of radionuclides in the air.In addition, for the effective dose of ingestion, comparing to the common methodof GB/T17982-2002, this software is more convenient and closer to the reality.