The Expression Of AKT And PAKT Proteins And Its Clinical Significance In Breast Cancer

ObjectiveIn this thesis, based on the examination of the expression of AKT and pAKT in breast cancer tissues and adjacent non-tumor by tissue microarray and immunohistochemical method, the author intends to study the correlations between protein expressions and the clinicopathological parameters, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of clinical treatment strategies and to explore new targets and new ideas for treatment of breast cancer.Materials and MethodsPart Ⅰ:Collecting surgical specimens of370patients with breast cancer to make tissue microarray; Analyzing the correlations between protein expression and its clinical significance by testing AKT expression in breast cancer and corresponding adjacent noncancerous tissue with immunohistochemical technique.Part Ⅱ:Detecting the expression of pAKT in breast cancer tissues and adjacent non-tumor by tissue microarray and immunohistochemical method; Analyzing the correlations between pAKT expression and its clinical significance.Part Ⅲ:In combination with the detection of AKT and pAKT proteins to clarify the clinical significance of expression in breast cancer.ResultsIn the first part:As can be told from the case, AKT protein expression in cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in the adjacent tissues. But, the positive expression rate of AKT was of no correlation with cancer and cancer adjacent tissues.The relationships between AKT and clinicopathological parameters were as follows:The AKT positive expression rate in ER (3+) was significantly higher than that in ER negative, and its rate in HER2(3+) was also much higher than in HER2negative, meanwhile the rate in LuminalA group considerably exceeding TNBC group. AKT expression had no connection with T stage, N stage, pathological, histological type, age and PR status. What’s more, the related analysis showed a positive correlation between AKT expression and ER and HER2expression. And there was no direct correlation between clinicopathological parameters and AKT expression state concerning cancer and adjacent tissues.In the second part:There was no significant difference in distribution of pAKT qualitative expression between cancer and cancer adjacent tissues. The positive expression rate of pAKT was of no correlation with cancer and cancer adjacent tissues. The relationships between pAKT and clinicopathological parameters were as follows:pAKT positive expression rate in ER (3+) was significantly higher than that in ER negative, and its rate in PR (3+) was also much higher than in PR negative, meanwhile the rate in LuminalA group considerably exceeding TNBC group. pAKT positive expression had no connection with T stage, N stage, pathological, histological type, age and HER2status. What’s more, the related analysis showed a positive correlation between pAKT expression and ER and PR expression. And there was no direct correlation between clinicopathological parameters and pAKT expression state concerning cancer and adjacent tissues.In the third part:There was no correlation between ATK and pAKT. If divided into four groups according to AKT and pAKT expression,the group with pAKT negative and AKT negative expression rate in ER negative was significantly higher than that in ER (3+), there were no significant differences between four groups in the other clinicopathological parameters.ConclusionAs can be indicated from the study, AKT protein expression in cancer tissues was higher than adjacent tissues.The expression of AKT was positively correlated with the expression of ER and HER2. The expression of pAKT was positively correlated with the expression of ER and PR. Both AKT and pAKT positive expression rate in LuminalA group were significantly higher than that in TNBC group.There are no correlations between ATK and pAKT.