| :Based on the fixed conservation tillage experimental field positions which were carried out in the Field Observation and Research and Experiment Station of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences the irrigation Institute Shangqiu national ecosystem in2010-2011, Winter Wheat-Summer Corn of the annual double-crop rotation system was studied. Setting the whole growth period without irrigation, under natural rainfall conditions, wheat AK58and corn Zheng958, winter wheat straw mechanized deep plowing plowed to field to field subsoiling mulch conservation tillage summer maize straw and field subsoiling, deep plowing, shallow rotary tillage and other farming methods, processing, and the dynamic changes of soil bulk density, soil moisture and water storage capacity, as well as the effects of crop growth, yield, moisture utilization efficiency were researched. The main results were as follows:1. Compared with Tillage, deep plowing treatment significantly reduced the0-40cm soil bulk density, subsoiling significantly reduced soil bulk density of20-40cm soil layer. Straw on soil bulk density in the soil0-20cm tillage layer deeper levels of soil bulk density. Different tillage ground-breaking in varying degrees resulted in differences in soil biomass and soil respiration. Soil respiration of different-farming methods in this test the summer maize growth stages were roots in the highest, subsoiling followed by no-tillage minimum.2. Straw tillage can improve wheat and corn the entire growth period of0～100cm soil water storage, straw way different, the different impact of soil moisture, straw treatment effect main on soil water content in0-20cm,20-40cm soil layer. Straw tillage changes in soil moisture exist in space and time variability. NT soil moisture content between the upper and lower level or less, while the roots in soil water content in the crop seedling upper; in space, no-tillage soil than tilling the soil has a higher water content. Sufficient water of deep plowing was better than no-tillage and rotary tillage; the water deficit period, straw tillage as opposed to deep plowing plow to better soil water conservation ability and water supply.3. Straw tillage can improve winter wheat and summer maize in the grain filling stage of photosynthetic performance and light system, the potential activity and the maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII; crops enhanced light absorption and conversion capacity, and reduce the transpiration rate, thereby increasing leaf water use efficiency. Further changes in crop carbon assimilation and dry matter accumulation rate. The studies have shown that the NTS field and subsoiling cover the field of aboveground dry matter accumulation of higher than conventional tillage.4. Stalk field tillage and subsoiling leaf area index (LAI) of corn throughout the growing season were higher than deep plowing, straw tillage can improve winter wheat, summer maize production, reducing crop soil water consumption, improve water use efficiency. water use efficiency different because of the straw returning ways; in the winter wheat growing season, straw shallow rotary tillage the best benefits and in the summer maize growing season straw no-tillage affects best. |
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