The Control System Of Intelligent Traffic Light Based On FPGA

In recent years, as the people`s living standards improving, more and more individuals andfamilies have their own vehicles in China. According to conservative estimates, the number ofmotor vehicles in China has reached200million. But the increasing number of vehicles whichmay lead to the lowering of the efficiency of the functioning of the whole society have broughtendless congestion and severe environmental pollution and Over time, China’s economicdevelopment will be severely constrained. Therefore, reasonable to improve the traffic situationin China has become an urgent task. At present, China’s major urban traffic intersection use theway of timing control to control the traffic lights, which can not change with the environment,causing serious traffic congestion and waste of resources. So a kind of intelligent traffic controlsystem which can change with the environment has an important significance to improve theurban road traffic conditions.For most traffic lights in China are timing control, this paper designed a kind of traffic lightsystem which be controlled and timed automatically according to the traffic flow. This paper isdivided into two parts: algorithm design part and hardware design part. The algorithm designincludes the video-based traffic flow detection algorithm and fuzzy control algorithm. Trafficdetection algorithm is the core part of the thesis algorithm design. Traffic flow detectionalgorithm can get the number of vehicles in traffic intersection by using mixed-backgroundsubtraction and frame-difference method; fuzzy control algorithm will give a reasonable greenlight time based on the result of traffic flow detection algorithm. The hardware design isachieved by FPGA technology, mainly includes four hardware modules: the top module, whichis responsible for connecting the signal of the external circuit and interconnecting each sub-module; vehicle detection sub-module, is responsible for determining the presence or absence ofvehicles by external image signal; traffic decision sub-module is responsible for counting thenumber of pulses, as well as the number of vehicles,which is the result of vehicle detectionsub-module. The result also is the input of traffic light controlling model.Traffic light controlling model control the traffic light based on the number of vehicles and fuzzy controlalgorithm.The traffic flow detection algorithm are programming on Matlab.And the hardware designselect Xilinx’s SpartanIII XC3S50chip and program with VHDL on ISE12.3and simulate onmodelsim6.5SE. The system is easy to install and the cost is low, so it is suitable for thedevelopment and promotion of intelligent traffic control system in order to solve our trafficcongestion problems, provide a good reference and value in use.