The Shape And Formation Of Worker And Peasant Intellectuals

The early days, the worker-peasant class, as the leading class of the new China, generally felt short of knowledge when doing daily work. To slove this problem and speed up the building of the new China, Central Committee decided to carry out cultural and educational movement for the worker-peasant class throughout the counry. For ordinary workers and peasants, the literacy campaign is held to eliminate illiteracy; For cadres of workers and peasants, the worker-peasant accelerated middle school is built to help them to receive higher education.In this way, it is hoped that the overall cultural level of the worker-peasant class can be improved. The worker-peasant accelerated middle school aims to nurture and shape the intellectuals from workers and peasants. The author attempts to do a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the worker-peasant accelerated middle school in Jiangsu Province, to gain insight into its function on the shape and formation of the workers and peasants intellectuals.Divided into four chapters, this thesis focuses the worker-peasant accelerated middle school in Jiangsu Province in the early1950s. By analyzing the mobilization and advocacy policy in the admissions process and combining the content of the textbook and the purpose of founding the school, this thesis tries to find out how workers and peasants intellectuals was shaped and the relationship between peasant-worker class and intellectuals.The first chapter mainly talked about the reasons of establishing the worker-peasant accelerated middle school, as well as why the Central Committee paid much attention to the education of the class. Chapter Ⅱ clarifies the development process of the worker-peasant accelerated middle school in Jiangsu Province. At the same time, through the analysis of enrollment and examination in this kind of schools, this theis finds that the government of Jiangsu Province attached much importance to worker-peasant education. Chapter Ⅲ attempts to find ou t the process and the environment of shaping workers and peasants intellectuals by analyzing the curriculum system, textbooks and relations between teachers and students.Chapter IV focuses on the forming conditions of the workers and peasants intellectuals and the role of women students. In the end of the thesis, the effect of the worker-peasant accelerated middle school is assessed at the end of the thesis and the reasons for closure of the schools after1955is tries to find out.As an important cultural and educational movement in the early days of new China, worker-peasant education was aimed to comprehensively enhance the cultural level of the worker-peasant class. The worker-peasant accelerated middle school were built to shape and train workers and peasants intellectuals to consolidate the new regime and build a new China.Although the worker-peasant accelerated middle school had existed for only a few years, it helped a lot of workers and peasants cadres to enhance cultural knowledge and trained a number of high level workers and peasants cadres for the party. However, the worker-peasant accelerated middle school aimed to quick the progress of teaching, certains anxiousness emerged. What’s more, the schools imitated the schools in the Soviet Union too much and failed to suit the condition of China. But defects cannot belittle virtues. The worker-peasant accelerated middle schools carried out the class line and great success was achieved in politic education.