Antibacterial Activity And Effect On Osteosarcoma Cells U2OS Of Allium Ampeloprasum L.(Elephant Garlic)

Elephant garlic (Allium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum) is a plant belonging to the onion genus. It is not true garlic, but actually a variant of the species to which the garden leek belongs. A bulb of elephant garlic weights up to500g single. Since its flavor is milder than garlic and much more palatable to some people than garlic when used raw as in salads, there are broad market prospects in using elephant garlic for diet therapy.In this paper, we run the antibacterial test of elephant garlic with some daily life-related bacteria as follows, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Actinoplanes violaceus, Actinoalloteichus cyanogriseus, Actinomyces aureus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Antibacterial activity of garlic is also measured simultaneous as a contrast. The study finds out that the sterilization capacity of elephant garlic is not weaker than garlic, and even stronger for some kind of bacteria (purple actinomycetes, gray actinomycetes). And its sterilization capacity is stronger than ampicillin when used to E. coli, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Staphylococcus actinomycetes, and gray actinomycetes. The result of sterilization is different for different bacteria, and it presents dose dependency. Even at a very low concentration (12.5%), elephant garlic still has a sterilization effect on common bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.It has been proved that garlic can slow down the growth of cancer cells, leading to cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and angiogenesis inhibitation. Garlic has been used throughout the stages of treatment in cancer for a long time and it’s therefore known as the cancer fighting herbs. But there are few reports about the anti-cancer properties and mechanism of elephant garlic. In this study, MTT assay, cell counting experiments is run to test osteosarcoma cells U2OS proliferation and cell activity under exposure of elephant garlic. Inhibition is significantly higher with the increase of drug concentration and dose dependency. In flow cytometry assay, compared with the control, G0/G1of elephant garlic group cells increased while S phase cells decreased. The results suggesting that elephant garlic extract inhibits the growth of human osteosarcoma cells, U2OS cells, through inhibits the G1phase to S phase transition. Transwell experiments confirm that elephant garlic can reduce osteosarcoma cell U2OS invasive ability. Flow cytometry confirm that elephant garlic has significantly increased the proportion of apoptosis. Determination of the cytoskeleton using confocal experiments find that elephant garlic exposed significantly affect the cytoskeleton generation, suggesting that the mechanism of elephant garlic anticancer effects.