The Research On The Effect Of Human Milk Feeding To Retinopathy Of Prematurity

With the increasing survival of preterm children, especially very low birthweight infants, the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) has one ofthe leading cause of blindness among children in the world. how to effectivelyprevent the occurrence of ROP in VLBW and ELBW infants in NICU, is thepressing problem of neonatology and ophthalmic medical personnel. Humanmilk has many rich nutrients to promote retinal vascular development andantioxidant constituents including inositol, vitamin E, and beta-carotene toprotect retinal vascular anomalies generation that may protect against thedevelopment of ROP, is international research focus in recent years, rare reportsin the domestic.Objective:The objective of this study was to provide strong evidence of developingtreatment strategies which can reduce the retinopathy incidence and severity byobserving the fundus examination results of preterm children who intake thedifferent content of breast milk or formula milk.Method:We identified VLBW infants admitted to the Jilin University first hospitalCenter Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) from April2010through may2011. All infants, meeting selected condition of this research, had been receivedpropaganda breast feeding positively and been divided into the breast feedinggroup (experimental group) and the formula feeding group (controlgroup).Finished the collection work according to the experiment advancementin October,2011(experimental group31examples, control group33examples),and reorganized studies the record. The two groups of children was enter to be feed by the same standard on the basis of comprehensive treatment. humanmilk is insufficient of children in Breastfeeding group was made up formulamilk of control group, and was recorded of daily breastfeeding. Intake of breastmilk calories and total calories (heat of breast milk add formula milk heat addparenteral nutrition calories), the size of the ratio is divided into a highpercentage of group in the proportion of group, the low proportion of group.the first ROP fundus examination was began on4~6weeks after newborn orcorrection embryo age for32~34weeks, and contineu following inspectionaccording to the stipulation decision. Children were continue to follow-upexamination after discharge until retinal development to meet the requirements.We established the baby’s ROP research file, carried on the data analysis.Result:(1) The risk factors of ROP of two groups was compared,the results ofexperimental and control groups is statistically the difference was notsignificant significance, two samples were comparable.(2) Fundus examination results of the two groups, the incidence of ROP ofexperimental group decreased by15.62%, the difference was statisticallysignificant of two sets of data. However, compared with the two groups ROPseverity and surgery rate, P>0.05, the difference was not statisticallysignificant. The high percentage of group in the experimental group and in theproportion of group was compared to low-proportion group in the incidence ofROP, the value of P <0.05, statistically significant differences.(3)Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the days ofmechanical ventilation and breastfeeding associated with ROP, days ofmechanical ventilation is a risk factor, breastfeeding is a protective factor.Conclusion：(1) Breastfeeding group than the formula milk feeding group of the ROPincidence was significantly lower; compared to the ROP disease severity and surgical rates between the two groups;the difference was not statisticallysignificant.(2) The high percentage of group in the breastfeeding group and in theproportion of group than the low proportion of the group significantly reducedthe incidence of ROP;breastfeeding dose-dependent protective effect of ROP inpremature children.(3) Breast-feeding is a protective factor in prevention of ROP.