| To improve the crop cropping index is an important measure to ensure the grain and oil safety supply. Hubei province is the north rim of Rape-rcie-rice (R-R-R) triple harvest cropping system in China. And R-R-R cropping system is still kept in the south-east of Hubei province.The traditional cultivation patterns requested high input and lots of labor and were low efficiency. Therefore, it did not satisfy the current rural development any longer, due to the change of labor structure and cost. Based on the prophase work, we studied the influence of no-tillage and cast-transplanted (NTCT) model on the crop growth, yield and yield formation in the R-R-R system with the traditional cultivation patterns as control. Besides, we also evaluated the economic benefit. All the work was supposed to supply the technical support for utilization of R-R-R in agricultural production.Two trials were conducted from2009to2011. The first trial used the farmer’s field under two treatments, NTCT and conventional-till and transplantation (CTTP), and each treatment had4pieces of field. The second trial was carried out oin2011. In this trial five treatments were CTTP with the density of6×105seedlings/ha, CTCT with6×105seedlings/ha, NTCT with7.2x105seedlings/ha, NTCT with6×105seedlings/ha, and NTCT with4.8×105seedlings/ha.Each treatment had three replications and the plot square was42m2.The results showed that:1. Comparing to the CTTP, the rape yield decreased by5.6%under NTCT model. in2010, and14.4%in2011. There was no significant difference in early and late rice yield between NTCT and CTTP in2010and2011. In2010, the grains per spike (GPS) and spikelet numbers per panicle (SNPP) under NTCT were20.9%and21.2%, significantly higher than that under CTTP for early rice. And for late rice, the GPS and SNPP under NTCT were9.4%and9.7%higher than that under CTTP significantly. However, both early and late rice did not show such difference again in2011. The dry matter accumulation of early rice under NTCT was significantly higher than that under CTTP in2010. And the dry matter accumulation of rape and rice was nearly equal under both treatments in2011. Compared with CTTP, the tiller number per unit of rice in both early and late seasons were higher under NTCT.2. Yield and its components were not significantly different under the different planting patterns. And the yield of double seasons rice was either not significantly different under the different tillages. For the early rice, the GPS and SNPP under NTCT were20.0%and22.7%, significantly higher than that under CTCT, and for late rice, were17.2%and21.2%. The yield of double season rice did not show significant differences among densities conditions under NTCT. And both high density and low density were not conducive to the formation of GPS and SNPP. The dry matter accumulation of double season rice under CTTP model was higher than that under CTCT. Tillers number per unit under CTTP was higher than that under CTCT for early rice and no difference for late rice. It was higher to compare the dry matter accumulation under NTCT with that under CTCT, but no difference in tillers number per unit under two treatments. However, both the dry matter accumulation and tillers number per unit showed significant difference under NTCT model.3. The net revenue under NTCT model was6432yuan and3183yuan per hectare more than the net revenue under traditional model.NTCT will significantly reduce the production of rapeseed, but have barely impact on double seasons rice yield. Compared to CTTP, plant under NTCT model had more tillers and lengthy panicle superiority. The result suggested that NT was the main reason for lengthy panicle formation. And the plants under CT had more tillers than plants under TP, and could accumulate more dry matter. Appropriate density, effective panicles and high seed setting rate could ensure the yield. The no-tillage cultivation did not reduce the yield, and also saved the cost, which made sure higher net revenue than traditional cultivation.. According to the above results, no-tillage cultivation is valuable to broadcasted. |
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