The Analysis Of Economic Benefits And Environmental Benefits Of Straw Returning To Field Under The Rotation Of Rapeseed-rice

Straw returning is the most important straw utilization method at present,which can improve the environmental pollution caused by excessive fertilization.However,in the short term,the single straw returning treatment has the problems of slow decomposing rate and low release nutrient level,which is easy to cause crop yield reduction or flat production.A large number of studies have shown that straw returning and chemical fertilizer application can effectively alleviate such problems.In order to find out the application effect of Straw Returning and combined application of chemical fertilizer,field plot experiment was carried out in Chaohu area.Through the design of 5 treatments:blank treatment(CK);straw returning(S);conventional fertilization(F);total returning of straw and conventional fertilization(SF);total returning of straw and reducing 15%fertilizer in conventional fertilization(SDF),this paper analyze the effects of straw returning to the field and combined application of chemical fertilizer on the economic and environmental benefits of crops.The results show that:In terms of economic benefits,in the same farming season,compared with the treatment of F,the yield components of SF crops were the highest,the crop yield was the highest,the total output value and net income were the highest,and the SDF crop yield,total output value,and net income were lower than the treatment of F,but there was no significant effect among the three groups of treatments.In the rapeseed season,yield and income of the treatment S have reduced compared with CK,The treatment S showed a reduction in yield and reduction of rapeseed crops compared with CK.It can be seen from the farmer’s point of view that straw returning to field combined with fertilization can improve crop yield components,increase crop yield,increase crop total output value and net income,and this method should be promoted widely.In terms of environmental benefits,from the analysis of farmland runoff nutrient loss,in the same farming season,compared with treatment F,treatment of SF,SDF,S can reduce the total nitrogen and total phosphorus runoff loss of farmland,and reduce the total nitrogen runoff loss of farmland.The effect is remarkable,the nitrogen and phosphorus loss coefficient of straw returning treatment is less than that of conventional fertilization treatment.From the analysis of soil environment of farmland,compared with the treatment of F,the treatment of SF promoted the increase of soil organic matter,soil available nutrients and soil total nutrients.From the analysis of nutrition accumulation of plant,the quantitative indexes of nitrogen use-efficiency of the treatment of straw returning were higher.Compared with the treatment of F,the treatment of SF could improve the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus in the economic part of crops.It can be seen that straw returning and combined application of chemical fertilizer can promote the increase of soil nutrients,reduce the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland,and contribute to crop nutrient accumulation.Considering the comprehensive analysis of each treatment in the experiment,the environmental benefits of the treatment of SF treatment is the highest.The analysis of economic benefits and environmental benefits showed that total amount of straw covered with soil and conventional fertilization treatment could not only ensure the high and stable yield of grain,but also reduce the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland,improve soil nutrients and increase the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in crops and reduce environmental pollution.