| May 17, 2011 in Beijing Tongzhou Xin Miao Fisheries Corporation, the interspecific hybridization experiments and selfing experiments were carried out for the subjects by using the Ryukyu Golden goldfish (red) and Dragon-eye goldfish (red). Hybrid test section includes the direct cross experiment Ryukyu♀×Dragon-eye♂and reciprocal cross experiment Ryukyu♂×Dragon-eye♀, selfing test section includes the Ryukyu selfing and the Dragon-eye selfing. We studied the goldfish breeding of hybrid seed technology, and hybrids of generation and generation of selfing during embryonic development, morphological characteristics, karyotype and isozyme electrophoretic differences are analyzed and compare.Experiments on embryonic development of four kinds of goldfish hybrids were observed, differences in the goldfish hybrids under the same conditions with the parents type of goldfish embryo (generation of selfing)development and larval development characteristics, and to study the goldfish hybrid seed breeding. Seedlingcultivate 120d morphological data measurement, analysis of the hybrids and parental karyotype, and goldfish kidney, liver, heart, muscle four organizations of the four isozymes (lactate dehydrogenase LDH, malate dehydrogenase MDH, esterase EST, malic enzyme ME), a continuous vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis. The results showed that:Test period to obtain four types of fertilized eggs: Ryukyu selfing, Dragon-eye selfing, direct cross and reciprocal cross. According to statistics, Ryukyu fertilized egg is about 3200, 90% of the Ryukyu fertilization rate, hatching rate of 80% of hatched fry about 2300; Dragon-eye fertilized egg is about 3000, 89% of the Dragon-eye fertilization rate, hatching rate of 80% of hatched fry about 2100; direct cross generation fertilized egg is about 3000, 94% of the direct cross generation fertilization rate, hatching rate of 90% of hatched fry about 2500; reciprocal cross generation fertilized egg is about 3500, 95% of the reciprocal cross generation fertilization rate, hatching rate of 80% of hatched fry about 2700; The incubation water temperature is 25℃, the Ryukyu goldfish embryos after 52.4h rupture of membranes, dragon-eye goldfish embryos after 56.3h rupture of membranes, direct cross F1 embryos after 51.3h rupture of membranes, reciprocal cross F1 embryos after 55.4h rupture of membranes. Nurturing goldfish fry in this experiment the number of: Ryukyu1700, Dragon-eye 1590, the orthogonal combination of direct cross generation of 1850, reciprocal cross generation of 1730. After four rounds of selection, access to quality goldfish number is: Ryukyu850, Dragon-eye 790, the orthogonal combination of direct cross generation of 920, reciprocal cross generation of 860.22 phenotypic traits measured in the hybrid index, big eyes F1 of direct cross have 8 negative index, 14 positive and negative in 6 favor of the female parent, two completely biased female parent; positive in 11 favor of the male parent, and three completely biased to the paternal parent, showing partial paternal genetic; small eyes F1 of direct cross phenotypic traits of the hybrid index, 18 negative, 4 positivenegative in 17 favor of the female parent, a completely biased female parent; positive in 4 favor of the male parent, showing partial female parent genetic.As the phenotypic traits hybrid index of the reciprocal cross big eyes F1, there are 14 index is negative, 8 positive and negative bias all the female parent, complete bias of the female parent index, a time when all bias paternal, nofavor of the paternal index performance for the partial parent genetic; as the phenotypic traits hybrid index of the reciprocal cross small eyes F1, there are 5 index is negative, 17 positive, negative all the favor of the female parent, completely biased motherthis index, positive in 16 favor of the male parent, a completely biased in favor of the male parent, expressed as partial parent genetic.Phenotypic characteristics of single-factor analysis of variance results for the full length of the Ryukin and direct cross small eyes F1 full-length/ body length, head length / body length differences between the highly significant (P <0.01), body height / body length, body width / body length differences betweennot significant (P> 0.05); the full length of the Ryukin and reciprocal cross small eyes F1 of the full-length / body length, head length / body length and body height / body length between the difference in a very significant with (P <0.01), body width / body length between the difference significant with (P<0.05); ratio of four parameters between the Ryukin and F1 there are very significant differences (P <0.01); sulfur gold and reciprocal cross big eyes F1, full-length / body length, body width / body length between the difference was not significant (P> 0.05)head length / body length, body height / body length differences between the highly significant (P <0.01).Dragon-eye and direct cross big eyes F1 full-length / body length, head length / body length, body width / body length differences were not significant (P> 0.05), body height / body length between the difference was significant (P <0.01), Dragon-eye and reciprocal cross big eyes F1 full-length / body length, body height / body length, body width / body length differences between the highly significant (P <0.01) between the head length / body length, the difference was not significant (P> 0.05); Dragon-eye and direct cross small eyes F1 full-length / body length, body height / body length, body width / body length differences between the highly significant (P <0.01) between the head length / body length, the difference was not significant (P> 0.05); Dragon-eye and reciprocal cross small eyes F1 full-length / body length, body height / body length, body width / body length differences between the highly significant (P <0.01), head length / body length between the difference was not significant (P> 0.05).The karyotype formula of direct cross big-eye hybrid is 2n = 100, 20m +30sm +8 st +42t, NF = 150, chromosome relative length range of 1.37% to 3.46%; the karyotype formula of direct cross small-eye hybrid is 2n=100, 24m+28sm+4st+44t, NF=152, chromosome relative length range of 1.28%~3.66%; the karyotype formula of reciprocal cross big-eye hybrid is 2n=100, 24m+30sm+4st+42t, NF=154, chromosome relative length range of 1.37%~3.51%; the karyotype formula of reciprocal cross small-eye hybrid is 2n=100, 22m+28sm+6st+44t, NF=150, chromosome relative length range of 1.11%~3.84%, were not found in the special-shaped chromosomes.LDH enzyme activity in liver, kidney, muscle, heart, four organizations have, and lactate dehydrogenase has obvious tissue-specific bands was fine band spectral type. Out of 12 detected in the liver, the Chinese Communists, five kidney, two muscles, heart 6. Malate dehydrogenase zymogram in different organizations in different experimental goldfish, basically the same, and the test goldfish m-MDH and s-MDH are two types of malate dehydrogenase. Malic enzyme activity strong expression in muscle and heart, there are significant tissue-specific. The expression of EST in the liver, kidneys, muscles, hearts, the highest expression in the liver activity, followed by the kidney, with significant tissue specificity. Most hybrids generation isozyme expression to some extent by the influence of the parents, parental expression of the enzyme profiles were similar between different individuals isozyme expression or not and expression of difference, inferred hybrid the high survival rate and can successfully reproduce. |
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