Study Of Pedestrian Traffic Evacuation Model Based On Behavioral Characteristics

Along with the rapid development of Chinese economy, more and more large andcomplex public buildings erected. Serving the people’s lives well, at the same time, it also putforward higher requirements for pedestrian safety inside public buildings. However, a largenumber of Public safety accidents caused by fires, geological hazards, overcrowding warn usthat, with the process of urbanization, the corresponding researches on pedestrian safetyinside urban public buildings also have a long way to go, especially, the pedestrian evacuationneed to be strengthened. Into the twenty-first century, our country have put forward thestrategic thinking of "people-oriented", as the result, researches on pedestrian evacuation havebecame more and more important.Observations and a large number of public safety accidents have showed that there areseveral typical escape behaviors during the emergency evacuation process, such as evacuationin groups, path selection in panic, obstacle avoidance, overcrowding and competition inbottlenecks and so on. This paper set the above four typical behaviors as the starting point toanalyze the behavior of pedestrian evacuation, and then work on the microscopic descriptionof these typical behaviors. Combining with the effects of environmental and psychologicalelements on evacuation behaviors, this paper tried hard to optimize the classical microscopicmodel of evacuation behaviors in order to response to the emergency situations better, andthen, analyze the performances of typical behaviors by computer simulation.Based on the analysis of typical pedestrian evacuation behaviors, this article summarizedthe emergency evacuation into different typical models combined with the evacuationenvironmental characteristics and psychological elements of pedestrian. To reveal pedestrianevacuation behavior generation mechanism and micro-performance, as well as provide anengineering approach to predict and guide pedestrian evacuation scientifically. Finally, thispaper set a large-scale stadium as an example to show the content and research methods of apedestrian evacuation model.Broken through the traditional way of research on pedestrian evacuation in publicbuildings, that is split the building by transport facilities units, but pay more attention to theevacuation microscopic behaviors, considering psychology elements to study macroevacuation performances, and this paper offers a new way to research pedestrian evacuationin public buildings.